[Evaluation of microalbuminuria and lipid profile among type 2 diabetics]. / Evaluation de la microalbuminurie et du profil lipidique chez les diabétiques de type 2.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the respective prevalence of microalbuminuria and dyslipidemia and to evaluate their association with diabetes type 2. ANALYZE DATA: Prospective study of 195 type 2 diabetic subjects (125 women and 70 men) from a hospital in the city of Dakar (Senegal) for a check-up of diabetes. Age and sex were determined ; fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and micro- albuminuria were measured. RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of patients was 57.9 ± 11.1 years. Age, glycated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria were significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.01 ; P < 0.03 ; P < 0.01 respectively). The prevalence of microalbuminuria is 48.7% and that of dyslipidemia is 41.1%. Glycated hemoglobin is higher in subjects with microalbuminuria than in patients with normal microalbuminuria with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). There is a strong correlation (R = 0.82) between glycated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria, 1% increase in HbA1c corresponding approximately to an increase of 39.7 mg/I of microalbuminuria. CONCLUSION: Microalbuminuria and dyslipidemia are frequently found in type 2 diabetes, but the pathophysiological mechanisms of the association are not well known.

[Efficiency of kangaroo care on thermoregulation and weight gain of a preterm newborn cohort in Dakar]. / Efficacite de l'elevage par la methode kangourou sur la thermo- regulation et le gain ponderal d'une cohorte de prematures.

AIM OF THIS STUDY: to evaluate the efficacy of kangaroo method on thermoregulation and weight gain of a cohort of preterm. METHODS: it is a retrospective study based on files of preterm baby weighting below 2000 g, included after discharge to neonatal unit of Aristide Le Dantec maternity for kangaroo method care. Efficiency was appreciated on thermic curve evolution and daily weight gain. RESULTS: 56 preterm babies were including. Mean gestational age was 33 +/- 7,6 weeks and mean birth weight, 1488 +/- 277,6 g (median = 1500 g). Mean temperature was satisfying during follow up and was stable around 37 +/- 0,5 degrees C at discharge of program with mean daily weight gain of 33 +/- 7,6 g. We had only one case of death. CONCLUSION: The results of this study point out efficacy of kangaroo method on thermoregulation, weight gain and survival of preterm babies. We advocate for promotion in developing countries because of its low cost.