Design, clinical applications and post-surgical assessment of bioresorbable 3D-printed craniofacial composite implants.

This study details the design, fabrication, clinical trials' evaluation, and analysis after the clinical application of 3D-printed bone reconstruction implants made of nHAp@PLDLLA [nanohydroxyapatite@poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide)] biomaterial. The 3D-printed formulations have been tested as bone reconstruction Cranioimplants in 3 different medical cases, including frontal lobe, mandibular bone, and cleft palate reconstructions. Replacing one of the implants after 6 months provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the post-surgical implant obtained from a human patient. This allowed us to quantify physicochemical changes and develop a spatial map of osseointegration and material degradation kinetics as a function of specific locations. To the best of our knowledge, hydrolytic degradation and variability in the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the biomimetic, 3D-printed implants have not been quantified in the literature after permanent placement in the human body. Such analysis has revealed the constantly changing properties of the implant, which should be considered to optimize the design of patient-specific bone substitutes. Moreover, it has been proven that the obtained composition can produce biomimetic, bioresorbable and bone-forming alloplastic substitutes tailored to each patient, allowing for shorter surgery times and faster patient recovery than currently available methods.

Late Outcomes of Undiagnosed Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia and Reoccurrence of Mandibular Asymmetry.

Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is a rare cause of asymmetrical mandibular overgrowth because of the presence of an atypical growth in the affected condyle. SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) can easily establish the presence of an atypical, prolonged growth exceeding far beyond normal condylar growth and activity. A CT, CBCT, or LDCT (computed tomography, cone-beam computed tomography, or low-dose computed tomography) can confirm the diagnosis by evaluating the scope of bone overgrowth, mandibular basis/ramus asymmetry, tendency to condylar head enlargement, changes in bone density, and occurrence of differences in condylar head shapes, size, and bone structure. In most cases, a condylectomy is the procedure of choice in growing cases of UCH to remove the pathological condyle and reduce asymmetry levels. Sometimes, the growth is very slow and progressive over time, causing slowly growing asymmetry with similar symptoms to any other mandibular asymmetry, and this causes some troublesome procedures in UCH diagnostics, resulting in patients being underdiagnosed; it can even lead to some relapses in mandibular asymmetry and skeletal malocclusion after previously performed orthodontic and surgical treatment of such discrepancies. When the source of asymmetry is not identified in time, possible inadequate treatment protocols can be used. If any relapse of facial and mandibular asymmetry re-occur, SPECT and CT evaluation are necessary to evaluate if condylar hyperplasia is present and to establish what kind of surgical intervention should be used in each case.

A Molecular Approach for Detecting Bacteria and Fungi in Healthcare Environment Aerosols: A Systematic Review.

Molecular methods have become integral to microbiological research for microbial identification. This literature review focuses on the application of molecular methods in examining airborne bacteria and fungi in healthcare facilities. In January 2024, a comprehensive electronic search was carried out in esteemed databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, employing carefully selected keywords such as ((bacteria) OR (virus) OR (fungi)) AND (aerosol) AND ((hospital) OR (healthcare) OR (dental office)) AND ((molecular) OR (PCR) OR (NGS) OR (RNA) OR (DNA) OR (metagenomic) OR (microarray)), following the PRISMA protocol. The review specifically targets healthcare environments with elevated concentrations of pathogenic bacteria. A total of 487 articles were initially identified, but only 13 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The study disclosed that the prevalent molecular methodology for appraising aerosol quality encompassed the utilization of the PCR method, incorporating either 16S rRNA (bacteria) or 18S rRNA (fungi) amplification techniques. Notably, five diverse molecular techniques, specifically PFGE, DGGE, SBT, LAMP, and DNA hybridization methods, were implemented in five distinct studies. These molecular tests exhibited superior capabilities compared to traditional bacterial and fungal cultures, providing precise strain identification. Additionally, the molecular methods allowed the detection of gene sequences associated with antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, molecular testing offers significant advantages over classical microbiological culture, providing more comprehensive information.

The Influence of Fluoride Gels on the Physicochemical Properties of Tooth Tissues and Dental Materials-A Systematic Review.

The aim of the presented systematic review is to update the state of knowledge and relate the properties and composition of fluoride gels to their potential application. This article aims to explore the effect of fluoride gel application on changes in the properties of dental biomaterials and tooth tissues. The review includes articles assessing studies on the effects of fluoride gel on dental tissues and materials. Employing the PRISMA protocol, a meticulous search was conducted across the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, utilizing keywords such as fluoride, gel, and properties. The publications were selected without limitation by the year of publication, and then Cohen's κ test was used to assess the agreement of the respondents. Exclusion criteria included non-English studies, opinion pieces, editorial papers, letters to the editor, review articles and meta-analyses, clinical reports, studies lacking full-text accessibility, and duplicates. The quality of the chosen papers was assessed by two independent reviewers. A total of 2385 were located in databases, of which only 17 met the inclusion criteria. All publications showed increased surface mineralization, and seven studies showed the effect of fluoride gel on the surface of dental tissues. Three articles stated a negative effect of fluoride gels on titanium and stainless steel alloys and glass ionomer fillings. The effects on shear bond strength and plaque deposition require further investigation because the study results are contradictory.

Surface Functionalization of Titanium-Based Implants with a Nanohydroxyapatite Layer and Its Impact on Osteoblasts: A Systematic Review.

This study aims to evaluate the influence of a nanohydroxyapatite layer applied to the surface of titanium or titanium alloy implants on the intricate process of osseointegration and its effect on osteoblast cell lines, compared to uncoated implants. Additionally, the investigation scrutinizes various modifications of the coating and their consequential effects on bone and cell line biocompatibility. On the specific date of November 2023, an exhaustive electronic search was conducted in esteemed databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, utilizing the meticulously chosen keywords ((titanium) AND ((osteoblasts) and hydroxyapatite)). Methodologically, the systematic review meticulously adhered to the PRISMA protocol. Initially, a total of 1739 studies underwent scrutiny, with the elimination of 741 duplicate records. A further 972 articles were excluded on account of their incongruence with the predefined subjects. The ultimate compilation embraced 26 studies, with a predominant focus on the effects of nanohydroxyapatite coating in isolation. However, a subset of nine papers delved into the nuanced realm of its modifiers, encompassing materials such as chitosan, collagen, silver particles, or gelatine. Across many of the selected studies, the application of nanohydroxyapatite coating exhibited a proclivity to enhance the osseointegration process. The modifications thereof showcased a positive influence on cell lines, manifesting in increased cellular spread or the attenuation of bacterial activity. In clinical applications, this augmentation potentially translates into heightened implant stability, thereby amplifying the overall procedural success rate. This, in turn, renders nanohydroxyapatite-coated implants a viable and potentially advantageous option in clinical scenarios where non-modified implants may not suffice.

A proposed protocol for correlation between bone density in hemimandibular hyperplasia radiography and histopathological findings - A retrospective study.

The role of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in surgical planning can be assessed based on the correlation among bone density (BD/HU), radiographic values, and the histopathological appearance of hyperplastic overgrowth in mandibular condyles (hemimandibular hyperplasia/osteochondroma). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between LDCT indices of bone-density measurements in surgical planning and histopathological specimens. The patients incuded in this study underwent detailed radiological evaluation as preparation for further clinical procedures. Excised condyles were evaluated in terms of bone density index using LDCT, and then histopathologically to investigate the accuracy of surgical procedures and set the basis for future surgical planning. An index value between both condyles' bone densities represented the relative difference between the healthy condyle and the side with hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH). Patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) showed a statistical correlation between condyle heads with increased bone density (BD) and scintigraphic (SCI) values (p < 0.001). On the other hand, correlation between BD and histopathological studies alone was significant (p < 0.001). With the increase in BD measured in HU in UCH condyles, the overall value of fibrous cartilage layer thickness decreased (p < 0.001). Furthermore, histopathological evaluation indicated that increased bone density on the UCH side resulted in increased total thickness (p > 0.001). The proposed index measurements in the mandibular condyles based on LDCT/BD can be used to estimate the degree of required surgical resection. Results from LDCT radiographic studies correlate with histopathological specimens more than scintigraphy.

Review on fluoride varnishes currently recommended in dental prophylaxis.

In dentistry, fluoride compounds play a very important role in the development of teeth hard tissue. They have been modifying the development of the carious process for many years in accordance with the principles of minimally invasive therapy. Studies have confirmed their effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of carious lesions and erosion of deciduous and permanent teeth, as well as in the dentin hypersensitivity treatment. Typically, each varnish consists of 3 basic components, i.e., a resin usually in the form of mastic, shellac and/or rosin, an alcohol-based organic solvent (usually ethanol) and active agents. In the first-generation varnishes, the active agent is fluorine compounds, most often in the form of 5% NaF, while in second-generation varnishes, the composition is further enriched with calcium and phosphorus compounds in the form of CPP-ACP/CPP-ACPF, ACP, TCP, fTCP, CSPS, TMP, CXP, or CaGP. This influences the bioavailability of fluoride in the oral environment by increasing both its release from the product and its subsequent accumulation in enamel and plaque, promotes more efficient closure of dentinal tubules, and facilitates pH buffering in the oral cavity.

Brief Narrative Review on Commercial Dental Sealants-Comparison with Respect to Their Composition and Potential Modifications.

The scope of this paper is to compare different dental sealants and flow materials indicated for sealing pits and fissures considering their chemical formula. The narrative review aims to address the following questions: What is the essence of different dental sealants' activity, how does their chemical formula affect their mechanisms of caries prevention, and what makes a dental sealant efficient mean of caries prevention? Another vital issue is whether the sealants that contain fluoride, or any other additions, have potentially increased antimicrobial properties. An electronic search of the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was performed. The following keywords were used: (dental sealants) AND (chemical composition). Additionally, information about composition and indications for clinical use provided by manufacturers were utilized. All of the considered materials are indicated for use both in permanent and primary dentition for sealing fissures, pits, and foramina caeca. The selection of suitable material should be made individually and adjusted to conditions of the sealing procedure and patient's needs. Cariostatic mechanisms increasing sealants' effectiveness such as fluoride release are desired in modern dentistry appreciating preventive approach. The review aims are to find crucial elements of sealants' composition which affect their cariostatic mechanisms.

The Use of Graphene Oxide in Orthodontics-A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Graphene-based materials have great prospects for application in dentistry and medicine due to their unique properties and biocompatibility with tissues. The literature on the use of graphene oxide in orthodontic treatment was reviewed. METHODS: This systematic review followed the PRISMA protocol and was conducted by searching the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. The following search criteria were used to review the data on the topic under study: (Graphene oxide) AND (orthodontic) ALL FIELDS. For the Scopus database, results were narrowed to titles, authors, and keywords. A basic search structure was adopted for each database. Initially, a total of 74 articles were found in the considered databases. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. RESULTS: Nine studies demonstrated the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide, which can reduce the demineralization of enamel during orthodontic treatment. Seven studies showed that it is biocompatible with oral tissues. Three studies presented that graphene oxide can reduce friction in the arch-bracket system. Two studies showed that it can improve the mechanical properties of orthodontic adhesives by reducing ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index). Three studies demonstrated that the use of graphene oxide in the appropriate concentration can also increase the SBS (shear bond strength) parameter. One research study showed that it can increase corrosion resistance. One research study suggested that it can be used to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. CONCLUSION: The studies included in the systematic review showed that graphene oxide has numerous applications in orthodontic treatment due to its properties.

Mercury Content in Impacted Wisdom Teeth from Patients of the Legnica-Glogów Copper Area-An In Vitro Pilot Study.

The aim of this study was to determine the content of mercury in impacted third molars from Legnica-Glogów Copper Area residents to emphasize the effects of environmental pollution on the human body. A group of 72 patients with an average age of 27.3 ± 6.9 years participated in the study. Within this study, the research group (Legnica-Glogów Copper Area residents) comprised 51 individuals, while the control group (residents of Wroclaw) consisted of 21 participants. A higher number of female individuals participated in the research (55). The amount of mercury present in the samples was determined through atomic absorption spectrometry with the use of a SpectraAA atomic absorption spectrometer and a V2 AA240FS flame attachment that utilized an air-acetylene flame. The accumulation of Hg in the teeth of members of the control group residing in Wroclaw was studied, with a focus on identifying the risk factors that contribute to this phenomenon. The final model analyzed the presence of various factors, including thyroid and parathyroid gland diseases, cardiac diseases, and interval-scale Vit. D3 concentration. Among these factors, the presence of cardiac diseases was deemed statistically significant in relation to an increase in Hg concentration in third molars (rate ratio = 2.27, p < 0.0001). The concentration of mercury increased with the age and time of residence in the L-G Copper District.

The CBCT Retrospective Study on Underwood Septa and Their Related Factors in Maxillary Sinuses-A Proposal of Classification.

Introduction. The presence of bone septum in the maxillary sinus is one of the most common anatomical findings. So-called Underwood septa (US) are an atypical bone formation in the maxillary sinuses. Mostly they are quite easily found in CBCT studies and have major importance in sinus lift procedures in dental surgery. Furthermore, the shape, location, and size of the bony septa are important in each maxillary sinus surgery. Material and methods. A retrospective study of 120CBCT scans from the authors' own database was conducted. Results. Approximately 37.5% of each CBCT was associated with the occurrence of US, while just 25% had a full septum, and a total of only 14 patients had a half septa. More females have US, while healthy pneumatized maxillary sinus is most commonly found (82.22%). There is no correlation between the occurrence of silent sinus syndrome (p = 0.174), mucosal thickening (p = 0.325), or retention cyst formation (p = 0.272). Most sinuses are without any opacification in CBCT evaluation (91.11%), while other syndromes are not statistically relevant. Conclusions. It seems that the occurrence of Underwood septa is not statistically related to any clinical, radiological, or pathological condition within the sinus (p > 0.05). Furthermore, a more full or partial appearance of US was found in female patients.

Feline Tooth Resorption: A Description of the Severity of the Disease in Regard to Animal's Age, Sex, Breed and Clinical Presentation.

Feline tooth resorption (odontoclastic resorptive lesion) is a common and important issue in veterinary dentistry. This study aimed to analyse the disease's severity and correlation with clinical information in the population of feline patients in Poland in the area of Lower Silesia. An analysis of the clinical charts of 174 cats with dental problems, which were diagnosed as tooth resorption, was conducted. The gender and breed had no influence on the disease severity, but the disease progressed with age. The lesions were mostly encountered within the third and fourth maxillary premolars (107, 108, 207, 208) and mandibular molars (309, 409). No direct correlation was found between the presence or severity of the disease and the clinical signs of affected cats. The study shows that feline tooth resorption is a common issue in feline dentistry and should be taken into account in all cases of animals with any signs of oral disease, including gingivitis and/or dental plaque with preserved appetite. A careful intraoral radiographic examination is essential to avoid false negative results in ambiguous cases.

Anatomical and Surgical Implications of the Usage of Bichat Fat Pad in Oroantral Communication, Maxillary, Palatal, and Related Surgeries-Narrative Review.

The buccal fat pad, also called the Bichat's fat pad (BFP), is an encapsulated fat mass located in the cheek. This type of specialized fat mass can be used both as a pedicular or free graft in various surgeries and approaches. Due to its easy access from the oral cavity approach, it is commonly used for oroantral and palatal fistula closure. The knowledge of its anatomy and surrounding tissues plays a role in its mobilization and suturing onto the desired defect in the palatal or maxillary region. The BFP is mostly associated with the primary approach used for a fistula or bone surgery. Alternatively, the procedure can be performed with a single approach incision, which does not compromise the appearance or the function of the operating or adjacent areas. The most important inclusion criteria for BFP usage and surgical limitations are highlighted. The BFP is used for multiple purposes in reconstructive and oncology surgery and also has its use in esthetic and facial contouring procedures. The amount, volume, and shape of the BFP are mostly associated with the scope of their usage. The aim of the following narrative review is to present the surgical and anatomical implications of fat pads in maxillary and palatal surgeries.

Automatic detection of spatio-temporal signaling patterns in cell collectives.

Increasing experimental evidence points to the physiological importance of space-time correlations in signaling of cell collectives. From wound healing to epithelial homeostasis to morphogenesis, coordinated activation of biomolecules between cells allows the collectives to perform more complex tasks and to better tackle environmental challenges. To capture this information exchange and to advance new theories of emergent phenomena, we created ARCOS, a computational method to detect and quantify collective signaling. We demonstrate ARCOS on cell and organism collectives with space-time correlations on different scales in 2D and 3D. We made a new observation that oncogenic mutations in the MAPK/ERK and PIK3CA/Akt pathways of MCF10A epithelial cells hyperstimulate intercellular ERK activity waves that are largely dependent on matrix metalloproteinase intercellular signaling. ARCOS is open-source and available as R and Python packages. It also includes a plugin for the napari image viewer to interactively quantify collective phenomena without prior programming experience.

The Temporary Mental Nerve Paresthesia as an Outcome of Dentigerous Cyst Removal during Preparation for Dental Implant Placement: A Case Report.

The usage of xenograft material is widely used in almost all oral cavity bone defects for regenerative and reconstructive purposes. The presented xenograft usage in the following care report enabled good bone defect healing and enabled the preservation of affected premolars. It is quite common to use any possible variations of bone materials to ensure bone defect improved healing. In some cases, the scope of surgeries requires the removal of each cyst within close proximity to various nerves and vessels. The inferior alveolar, infraorbital, lingual, and mental nerves are those most commonly adjacent to most operating sites in jaw bones. The usage of some additional materials such as collagen sponges, bone substitutes, resorbable membranes, or other additional materials are useful in each bone defect reconstruction but should be handled with care, as described in the following case. Before planning their usage, it is important to perform each surgery with close cone beam computed tomography imaging, which is very helpful to establish the scope of each lesion and the proximity of vital structures. There are a lot of factors that might influence any possible nerve damage, especially the different nerve anatomical variations. Even factors including the subperiosteal preparation and compression of adjacent tissues might influence later nerve function. When the lesion is expanding through the buccal cortical plate and when soft tissue fluctuation is present, some special care is needed. Similar to the presented case, a limitation in crushing, blowing, or any irritation of nerve fibers improves later postoperative outcomes. When the wound and surrounding tissues are handled with care, a limited possibility of any damage or paresthesia can occur. When the nerve itself is damaged or cut, loss of function can be permanent. Immediately after or even prophylactic prescription 1-2 days before the surgery of Vitamin B with NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (or other additional supplementary medicaments can improve nerve function in time. Possible nerve damage can be divided into many etiological factors. A quite different situation arises when the nerve is pulled in by the cyst growth into the cyst wall. The presented case report describes the outcomes of a cyst removal from the mandibular basis and treatment modalities.

Nanofluorapatite Hydrogels in the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Study of Physiochemical Properties and Fluoride Release.

The aim of this work was to prepare a new hydrogel based on nanohydroxyapatite (nFAP, 10% w/w) and fluorides (4% w/w), both of which are used as sources of fluoride ions in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, and to characterize its physicochemical properties. The release of fluoride ions from 3 gels (G-F, G-F-nFAP, and G-nFAP gel) was controlled in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva at pH 4.5, 6.6, and 8.0. The properties of the formulations were determined by an analysis of viscosity, a shear rate test, a swelling study, and gel aging. Various methods, i.e., FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric, electrochemical, and rheological analysis, were used for the experiment. The profiles of fluoride release indicate that the amount of fluoride ions released increases with a decrease in the pH value. The low pH value facilitated water absorption by the hydrogel, which was also confirmed by the swelling test, and it promoted the exchange of ions with the surrounding environment. Under conditions similar to physiological conditions (at pH 6.6), the amounts of fluorides released into artificial saliva were approximately 250 µg/cm2 and 300 µg/cm2 for the G-F-nFAP hydrogel and G-F hydrogel, respectively. The aging study and properties of the gels showed a loosening of the gel network structure. The Casson rheological model was used to assess the rheological properties of the non-Newtonian fluids. Hydrogels consisting of nanohydroxyapatite and sodium fluoride are promising biomaterials in the prevention and management of the dentin hypersensitivity.

The Safety of Fluoride Compounds and Their Effect on the Human Body-A Narrative Review.

Fluoride is one of the elements commonly present in the human environment. Due to its characteristics, it is very widely used in medicine, dentistry, industry or agriculture. On the other hand, its universality possesses a real threat to the human body in the form of acute and chronic poisoning. The aim of this paper is to characterize the properties of fluoride and its effects on the human body, as well as the sources of its occurrence. Particular emphasis is placed on the safety of its use and optimal dosage intake, which prevents accumulation and reduces its potential side effects. The positive effect of proper fluoride supply is widely described. In order to avoid overdose, it is best to consult a specialist to properly select the dosage.

The Use of Lactide Polymers in Bone Tissue Regeneration in Dentistry-A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Different compositions of biodegradable materials are being investigated to successfully replace non-resorbable ones in bone tissue regeneration in dental surgery. The systematic review tried to address the question, "Can biodegradable polymers act as a replacement for conventional materials in dental surgery procedures?" (2) Methods: An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted in October 2022. The following keywords were used: (lactide polymers) and (hydroxyapatite or fluorapatite) and (dentistry) and (regeneration). Initially, 59 studies were found. Forty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. (3) Results: These usually improved the properties and induced osteogenesis, tissue mineralisation and bone regeneration by inducing osteoblast proliferation. Five studies showed higher induction of osteogenesis in the case of biomaterials, UV-HAp/PLLA, ALBO-OS, bioresorbable raw particulate hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide and PLGA/Hap, compared to conventional materials such as titanium. Four studies confirmed improvement in tissue mineralisation with the usage of biomaterials: hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid (HA/PLA) loaded with dog's dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), Coll/HAp/PLCL, PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp, incorporation of hydroxyapatite and simvastatin. Three studies showed an acceleration in proliferation of osteoblasts for the use of biomaterials with additional factors such as collagen and UV light. (4) Conclusions: Lactide polymers present higher osteointegration and cell proliferation rate than the materials compared. They are superior to non-biodegradable materials in terms of the biocompability, bone remodelling and healing time tests. Moreover, because there is no need of reoperation, as the material automatically degrades, the chance of scars and skin sclerosis is lower. However, more studies involving greater numbers of biomaterial types and mixes need to be performed in order to find a perfect biodegradable material.

Macroanatomical, Histological and Microtomographic Study of the Teeth of the Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis)-Adaptation to Hunting.

The present study aimed to characterize the macrostructure and microstructure of the mandibular teeth of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) and the methods it uses to obtain food. Examinations were performed using a stereoscopic microscope, autofluorescence method, histological method and computed microtomography. A detailed macro- and micro-structural description of V. komodoensis mandibular teeth were made. The mandibular teeth are laterally flattened along their entire length and the dental crown is hooked caudally. The part of the nasal margin of the tooth crown is irregular, while the caudal margin of the tooth is characteristically serrated, except for the tooth base area. There are longitudinal grooves on the lingual and vestibular surfaces up to the lower third of the tooth height. The mandibular tooth is surrounded by a cuff made of the oral mucosa, containing the opening of the venom gland. In the histological structure of the tooth, the enamel covering the tooth crown and the dentin under the enamel are distinguished. The inside of the tooth, except its basal part, is filled with the tooth chamber, while the inside of the lower part of the tooth is filled with plicidentine, which corresponds to external furrows on the enamel. The plicidentine arrangement resembles a honeycomb. A small amount of dentine folds reach up to the tooth apex. Characteristic features of the structure of the mandibular teeth in V. komodoensis may indicate their significant role, in addition to the venom glands, in obtaining food in the natural environment of this species.

Strontium Ranelate and Strontium Chloride Supplementation Influence on Bone Microarchitecture and Bone Turnover Markers-A Preliminary Study.

Despite strontium ranelate use in osteoporosis management being one of the promising concepts in disease treatment, there is no clear evidence that strontium organic compounds are more effective than inorganic ones. The aim of this study was to compare strontium chlorate and strontium ranelate influence on the mice bone microarchitecture. We investigated whether strontium chlorate (7.532 mmol/L) and strontium ranelate (7.78 mmol/L) solutions fed to healthy SWISS growing mice (n = 42) had an influence on the percent of bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number of trabeculae (Tb.N), and separation between each trabecula (Tb.Sp) in the chosen ROI (region of interest) in the distal metaphysis of the left femurs. The cortical bone surface was examined close to the ROI proximal scan. There was an increase in each examined parameter compared with the control group. There were no statistical differences between strontium ranelate and strontium chlorate parameters. Our study indicates that organic and inorganic strontium compounds similarly affect the bone microarchitecture and strength.