Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Patient Advocacy , Politics , Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Child , Humans , Quality Improvement , State Medicine , United KingdomABSTRACT
Faecal incontinence can have a profound effect on the lives of children and their families. Children who have faecal incontinence have a greater risk of being bullied at school, and parents are often frustrated and concerned by the associated social stigma. The social and psychological effects of faecal incontinence on the child can last for a long time. This article provides an overview of the causes of faecal incontinence, discusses assessment of bowel dysfunction and outlines current treatments. The article also highlights the importance of the nurse's role, as part of the multidisciplinary team, in assessing, treating and supporting children and their families to ensure that any interventions have the best chance of succeeding and to minimise the risk of relapse.
Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence/nursing , Child , Constipation/complications , Education, Continuing , Encopresis/complications , Family/psychology , Fecal Incontinence/epidemiology , Fecal Incontinence/etiology , Fecal Incontinence/psychology , Humans , Nurse's Role , Prevalence , United Kingdom/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Anne Weaver and Penny Dobson outline the current practice for assessment and treatment of faecal incontinence in children.
Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence , Child , Fecal Incontinence/physiopathology , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Referral and Consultation , SchoolsABSTRACT
Bedwetting (nocturnal enuresis) is not uncommon in childhood but it can have a profound effect on children and their families. Parents sometimes avoid seeking help due to feelings of shame or embarrassment, or because they believe that nothing can be done and they must wait for their child to "grow out of it". For some children this may take many years and one in 50-100 will reach their teens without becoming dry. There is evidence that effective intervention can reduce the duration of the problem and help to improve the lives of children and their families. An individual assessment is the key to successful treatment, as well as practical suggestions to help families to manage the situation and therefore reduce the stress it may cause. The primary health care professional is ideally placed to offer this support and to encourage families to come forward to discuss the problem. This article gives an overview of current treatment practice and outlines the information and support that health professionals can give to parents and carers.
Subject(s)
Nocturnal Enuresis/prevention & control , Pediatric Nursing/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Antidiuretic Agents/therapeutic use , Causality , Child , Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/therapeutic use , Health Education , Humans , Mandelic Acids/therapeutic use , Muscarinic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Nocturnal Enuresis/epidemiology , Nocturnal Enuresis/etiology , Nurse's Role , Nursing Assessment , Parents/education , Parents/psychology , Patient Selection , Referral and Consultation , Social Support , Toilet Training , United Kingdom/epidemiologySubject(s)
Constipation/prevention & control , Dehydration/prevention & control , Health Promotion/methods , School Nursing/methods , Urination Disorders/prevention & control , Constipation/nursing , Dehydration/nursing , Drinking , Facility Design and Construction/standards , Guidelines as Topic , Humans , Schools/organization & administration , Toilet Facilities/standards , United Kingdom , Urination Disorders/nursingABSTRACT
Childhood nocturnal enuresis, or bedwetting, is a common childhood condition that causes children and their families stress and embarrassment and which can radically affect the lives of these children. Penny Dobson and Anne Weaver outline how nurses can inform and support these families, and describe a research-based approach, the three systems, which provides a useful framework for assessing the problem before choosing the most appropriate treatment strategy. Specific help that could be offered teenagers is also outlined.
Subject(s)
Enuresis/diagnosis , Enuresis/therapy , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Enuresis/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Nursing Assessment/methods , Polyuria/complications , Polyuria/diagnosis , Sleep Wake Disorders/complications , Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Diseases/complications , Urinary Bladder Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
The Paediatric Continence Forum is a coalition of specialist clinicians, nurses and industry representatives, and is chaired by Penny Dobson. It came together in 2003 through a mutual concern about the fragmented and under-resourced nature of NHS services for children with bladder and bowel problems, and aimed to highlight the need for dedicated services for these problems and to campaign to have continence included in the National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services (NSF) (DoH, 2004a).
Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/organization & administration , Pediatrics , Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Child , Critical Pathways , Humans , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Quality of Health CareSubject(s)
Child Care/methods , Parents/education , Toilet Training , Age Factors , Attitude to Health , Child Development , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Parent-Child Relations , Parents/psychologyABSTRACT
Adolescence refers to the period of great physical and emotional change experienced by 11 to 19-year-olds. A recent report aims to raise the profile of adolescent health (British Medical Association, 2003), and it is important to understand the impact of continence problems at a time in life when self-image is so important and wetting and soiling are particularly distressing. This article considers the specific needs of teenagers and ways of encouraging them to seek treatment.
Subject(s)
Enuresis/nursing , Fecal Incontinence/nursing , Urinary Incontinence/nursing , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Nursing Assessment , School NursingABSTRACT
The need for a more coherent and integrated national service for children with constipation and soiling has been recognised for some years. It became clear to the team at the voluntary organisation Enuresis Resource & Information Centre (ERIC) as a result of the experiences of the many parents and professionals who contacted them. They responded by setting up a multidisciplinary working group to begin the process of reviewing the research. The group then went on to oversee the publication of the first national minimum standard guidelines for service delivery in this area of child health.
