ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Mouthwashes, as a form of antimicrobial delivery system, rank among the safest and most effective vehicles, particularly in the case of young children. This is attributed to their ability to distribute therapeutic components across all accessible oral surfaces, including interproximal areas. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of recently introduced Ayurvedic (Hiora) and triclosan-based mouthwashes among children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 45 healthy children aged 10-15 years were randomly assigned to three groups: Herbal mouthwash (Hiora), triclosan-based mouthwash (Kidodent), and normal saline as the control group. Saliva samples were collected pre-rinse, 2 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes post-rinsing with the study mouthwashes. These samples were then inoculated onto Petri dishes containing blood agar culture media, followed by incubation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 48 hours. The resulting bacterial colonies of Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. were counted (CFU/ml x 105). Statistical analysis, including ANOVA, Newman Keul's Post-hoc test, and a two-tailed 't' test, was conducted to determine the significance of the results. RESULTS: The Ayurvedic Hiora mouthwash demonstrated the most substantial reduction in salivary bacterial colony counts of Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. with statistically significant results (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The Ayurvedic Hiora mouthwash exhibited the highest antibacterial effectiveness, followed by the triclosan-based mouthwash in decreasing order, with saline showing the least efficacy.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To determine the level of knowledge and skill of basic life support (BLS) among undergraduate, postgraduate students, and general practitioners with and without regular attendance of the BLS Healthcare Provider course. Methodology: The study was carried out at two intervals with two groups. A random sample involving undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and dental professionals was selected for both study groups. Group 1 with 440 participants had not attended BLS for Healthcare Providers Course in the last two years. Group 2 with 410 participants had attended the BLS for Healthcare Providers course regularly once a year. First, participants in Group 1 were evaluated using an MCQ test with 30 questions about their knowledge and skills in BLS. Then, a well-trained BLS instructor team from Dental College & Hospital offered BLS healthcare provider courses to students and dentists. Subsequently, Group 2 participants who had completed a BLS course for healthcare providers last year were also assessed for their knowledge and skills in BLS using another MCQ test. Results: The marks obtained in the tests were tabulated and analyzed. To determine the association between variables with respect to mean knowledge score, t-test was employed. Multiple group comparison was made using analysis of variance and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The group 1 participants score a mean of 5.7 marks against the Group 2 with a mean score of 27.4 marks out of 30 marks. Knowledge and skill in BLS skills among those in Group 1 without prior BLS training was mainly low. Dental practitioners performed marginally better than students in both groups. Conclusions: Based on the results, we make the following observations. With the introduction of BLS training into the academic curriculum and routine BLS hands-on workshops, all healthcare providers will be familiar with the BLS skills to effectively manage the life-threatening emergencies.
ABSTRACT
White spot lesions (WSLs) refer to localized areas of hypo-mineralization limited to the enamel of the teeth surface, which is noticeable clinically to the naked eye on drying of the teeth. During fixed orthodontic treatment, it is very hard for the patient to maintain excellent oral hygiene as the brackets, bands, wires, elastics, and other appliances and attachments worn intra-orally provide a platform for food retention, plaque formation, and then colonization by acidogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. This review aims to elaborate and focus on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment aspect, and future scope for research about the WSLs occurring due to fixed orthodontic treatment.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created a major global health crisis in recent years. Despite this, there have been few studies that have utilized reliable methods to assess changes in taste and smell perception. Therefore, our study aims at the number of fungiform papillae and objective measures of taste perception relationship among COVID-19 patients with olfactory and gustatory disorders. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which 57 COVID-19 patients were recruited who confirmed the dysfunction of taste and smell. Objective assessment of the sense of taste was evaluated using four different standardized solution preparations, and the scores were given according to the patient's statements. Digitalized quantification of fungiform papillae was counted. The data were analyzed with the Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS version. 23 [Licensed JSSAHER, Mysuru, Karnataka, India], and the level of significance was set at <0.001. Results: In terms of altered or reduced taste and smell, male patients exhibited a higher incidence compared to females. Compared to the sour taste, a substantial number of COVID-19 patients have displayed a notable decrease in their ability to taste sweet, salty, and bitter flavors. However, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between taste scores and fungiform papillae density (r = 0.518, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our Study demonstrated that the quantitative evaluation of taste perception and the count of fungiform papillae can serve as important indicators of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and could potentially help in the early detection and treatment of COVID-19 patients, as reduced taste function is a significant marker of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Peripheral giant-cell granulomas (PGCGs) are reddish color lesions of the gingiva which are frequently diagnosed on a routine basis by many dentists in the regular dental practice. Most of the lesions of PGCG are slow-growing, nonaggressive with asymptomatic, and tend to recur. Here, we exhibit a case of PGCG of the upper jaw in a 15-year-old girl child. She presented with a chief complaint of a lump on her upper anterior tooth region for 2-3 months. A well-defined painless, sessile exophytic growth, measuring about 1 cm × 0.5 cm in dimension with pinkish red in color with a firm consistency, was noted. Moreover, no secondary changes were seen. On the radiograph also, no changes in the bone/tooth were observed. The provisional diagnosis was identified as benign lesions such as pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and PGCG and was made based on the clinical history and radiographic findings, and the confirmative diagnosis was given after histopathological examination. To improve the esthetic and function of teeth as well as psychological problems in the young patient, we tend to manage the case more simply by conservative surgical procedure at the earliest to prevent a recurrence.
ABSTRACT
Myofibroma is a benign tumor of myofibroblasts occurring commonly in infants and children. It can occur as a solitary lesion or as multiple lesions in the soft tissues or intraosseously. The presence of the solitary lesion is common in the soft tissues of the head-and-neck region but rare in jawbones. Histologically, it has a biphasic pattern of presentation and mimics spindle cell tumors. Immunohistochemistry is essential for its confirmatory diagnosis. This article describes a case of this rare lesion presenting as a solitary lesion in the left body of the mandible in a 7-month-old boy baby. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges have been discussed.