Effects of hydrophilic hydrocolloids on dough and bread performance of samples made from frozen doughs.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of hydrocolloids in dough (xanthan 0.02%, 0.06%, and 0.1%; kappa-carrageenan and carboxymethylcellulose 0.2%, 0.6%, and 1.0%) and duration of frozen storage on the quality of finished bakery product. Doughs were prepared with different concentrations of gums, stored at -18 degrees C and analyzed after 0, 7, 14, and 30 d for fermentation activity of yeast and rising time of dough. At the end of each frozen storage interval, bread was prepared and characterized for specific volume, crumb firmness, and crumb structure. The addition of the gums had significant effects on dough performance and quality of the final product. Gums at all tested concentrations reduced fermentation activity of yeast and prolonged the rising time of dough, which was similar to the effects of frozen storage. However, specific volume of bread for the control sample significantly decreased on the 30th d of frozen storage. Addition of hydrocolloids resulted in higher specific volume of loaves compared to the specific volume of control sample loaves. With the increase of the duration of frozen storage the specific volume of bread decreases in all analyzed samples. This decrease is less in the samples with hydrocolloids compared to the decrease in the control sample. The addition of 0.1% xanthan accomplished the same or higher values for specific fermentation activity, specific volume, and penetrometric's number compared to the values accomplished by the addition of 1% carboxymethylcellulose and kappa-carrageenan, respectively.

Investigation of kinetics of zinc biosorption by Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.

The highest amount of zinc (approximately 90%) is bound after 3 h of contact at low initial (total) concentrations of zinc in yeast broth, 2.0-16.0 g/l at 10-30 degrees C. The equilibrium between bound and free zinc ions is established after 6 h of contact time, independently on total zinc concentration in yeast milk. No bigger changes of content of zinc bound to yeast cells was determined at 10 degrees C and 30 degrees C. 40% of bound zinc in the equilibrium state is bound during the first 15 min of contact of zinc ions and yeast cells at all initial (total) zinc concentrations in yeast milk both at 10 degrees C and 30 degrees C. The KEKAM (Kolmogorov-Erofeev-Kozeeva-Avrami-Mampel) equation can be used for the description of kinetics of zinc biosorption by yeast cells, for the ranges of zinc concentration of 2.0-16.0 g/l at 30 degrees C (mean correlation coefficient 0.96) and 10.0-16.0 g/l at 10 degrees C (mean correlation coefficient 0.95).

[Relation between mitral orifice surface area and extent of hemodynamic disorder of the pulmonary circulation in patients with mitral stenosis]. / Odnos izmedu povrsine mitralnog usca i stepena hemodinamickih poremecaja u plucnoj cirkulaciji kod bolesnika s mitralnom stenozom.

UNLABELLED: Mitral annulus and valves form the mitral orifice area with the size between 4.0-6.0 cm2. Every area which is smaller than this, represents mitral stenosis. As a consequence of mitral stenosis hemodynamic gradients occur over the mitral orifice with circulation disturbances below and above the stenotic mitral valve. The size of transmitral gradient is important in the evaluation of functional or/and structural changes in the blood vessels of pulmonary circulation. This investigation included 40 patients with mitral stenosis (or accompanying minimal mitral regurgitation). All patients underwent echocardiographic examination: area of the mitral orifice was determined and hemodynamic procedure with the left and right heart catheterization was performed. The following hemodynamic parameters were measured: mean capillary wedge pressure, left ventricular filling pressure, left ventricular mean diastolic pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure. According to these parameters resistance in the pulmonary circulation was measured. The size of the mitral orifice was determined according to oximetry blood analyses and hemodynamic parameters. All patients were divided into 4 groups: minimal (2.5-4.0 cm2), mild (1.5-2.5 cm2), moderate (1.0-1.5 cm2) and severe mitral stenosis (1.0 cm2). The comparison of echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters revealed a high and positive correlation between the area of mitral orifice. There was also a negative and moderate correlation between the values of stenotic mitral orifice area and total pulmonary resistance, i.e. in all patients with severe mitral stenosis there was an increased pulmonary arteriolar resistance. CONCLUSION: Noninvasive echocardiographic method is valid in the evaluation of stenotic mitral valve area. In the evaluation of hemodynamic parameters in the pulmonary circulation the index of arteriolar pulmonary systemic vascular resistance is very important. In all patients with the area of stenotic mitral orifice 1.0 cm2, there are functional or pathomorphologic changes in the pulmonary circulation of the blood vessel wall.

[Distribution of the major cardiovascular disease risk factors in the adult population of Novi Sad]. / Distribucija vodecih faktora rizika kardiovaskularnih bolesti u uzorku odraslog stanovnistva Novog Sada.

This paper deals with distribution of cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol and body mass index) in elderly subjects living in Novi Sad for the period 1994-1995. We examined 1270 consecutive subjects of both genders, 25-64 years of age. Risk factors were analyzed by standardized methods of MONICA project. Results obtained by this technique revealed that the population of Novi Sad is highly jeopardized compared to other MONICA collaborative centers in regard to the following risk factors: smoking, obesity and serum cholesterol level, and a little less jeopardized in relation to high blood pressure.

[Echocardiographic evaluation of the effect of treatment with captopril in patients with essential hypertension]. / Ehokardiografska procena efekata lecenja kaptoprilom u bolesnika s esencijalnom hipertenzijom.

Numerous antihypertensive drugs act through different mechanisms so it is natural to expect their various effects on consecutive myocardial changes. This study included 40 patients with mild or moderate hypertension: 30 patients (19 male--63.3% and 11 female--36.7%), their mean age 40.1 year, who were treated with Kaptopril (Zorkaptil), and 10 patients (6 female--60% and 4 male--40%), their mean age 37.7 years, who received placebo. Before the beginning of the treatment and three months later the following data were analyzed: blood pressure, the left ventricular mass, the left ventricular mass index, shortening fraction, ejection fraction and the endsystolic left wall stress. Three months later in the group treated with Kaptopril significant reduction of blood pressure, left ventricular mass, left ventricular mass index and endsystolic left wall stress (p < 0.05) was found. The changes concerning ejection fraction and shortening fraction were not significant. Three months later, in the group which received placebo no changes could be found. It can be concluded that Kaptopril is an effective antihypertensive drug for treating some cases of mild and moderate hypertension as monotherapy not only because it control the blood pressure, but also because it significantly reduces the wall thickness of the left ventricular mass and of the endsystolic left wall stress.