Parent rated bedtime resistance and comorbidity may predict levels of attention among Turkish children diagnosed with ADHD in on-line education classes during the COVID-19 outbreak.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the attention levels, of Turkish children and adolescents with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in on-line education classes with healthy controls. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional, internet-based, case-control study that recruited 6-18 years old patients diagnosed with ADHD and receving treatment and healthy controls from eight centers. The measurements used in the study were prepared in the google survey and delivered to the participants via Whatsapp application. RESULTS: Within the study period, 510 children with ADHD and 893 controls were enrolled. Parent- rated attention decreased significantly in both groups during on-line education classes due to COVID-19 outbreak (p<0.001; for each). Children and adolescents with ADHD had significantly elevated bedtime resistance, problems in family functioning difficulties than control children according to parental reports (p=0.003; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, bedtime resistance and comorbidity significantly predicted attention levels in on-line education. CONCLUSION: Our findings may underline the need to augment student engagement in on-line education both for children without attention problems and those with ADHD. Interventions shown to be effective in the management of sleep difficulties in children as well as parent management interventions should continue during on-line education.

Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment Anxiety, Depression, Sleep and Sexual Function Levels in Patients with Breast Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: In the phase of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer cases, patients can usually experience sexual dysfunctions, sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. The main objective of our research is to study of the pre-treatment and post-treatment anxiety, depression, sleep and sexual function levels in the patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six patients with breast cancer and 52 healthy women have participated in our study. In order to determine the anxiety, depression, sleep and sexual function levels, Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI) and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) scores are utilized at pre-treatment and post-treatment phases for patients with breast cancer and our control group. RESULTS: According to scale scores applied to patients and control group, it has been determined that patients with breast cancer HADS sexual and sleep disorders, that their HADS and PSQI scores were higher and that ASEX scores decreased significantly (p<0.05). According to the scale scores calculated before and after treatment, there was a significant decrease in HADS and PSQI scores, whereas SEX scores have been increased significantly (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the findings of our study, anxiety, depression, sexual dysfunction and sleep disorders in patients with breast cancer are far more explicit in the pre-treatment phase than post-treatment phase. Therefore, it is crucial to psycho-socially support patients with breast cancer in the early periods before starting the treatment after diagnosis.