ABSTRACT
AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of thyroglobulin (TG5) gene polymorphism on milk and meat productivity in the various cattle breeds currently bred in the Republic of Bashkortostan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The test was performed on dairy cattle of Black-and-White, Bestuzhev, and Simmental breeds, and meat cattle of Hereford and limousine breeds. The purpose of the test was to search for associations between the polymorphic alleles of the thyroglobulin (TG5) gene and economically useful traits. RESULTS: All studied breeds showed a frequency predominance of the TG5C allele (from 0.56 to 0.71). A clear trend of an effect of the genotypes of the TG5 gene on milk-productivity indicators was revealed; cows with the TG5TT genotype have the highest milk yield and fat content in milk. The milk of cows of Bestuzhev and Simmental breeds that possessed this genotype was also characterized by higher protein content. CONCLUSION: We identified an effect of the polymorphism of the TG5 gene in the Hereford and limousine breeds on fat metabolism intensity indicators, such as fat output and fat content, in the longissimus muscle and in the general sample of ground beef.
ABSTRACT
Polymorphisms in two growth hormone (GH) gene regions, intron 3 (MspI-polymorphism) and exon 4 (AluI polymorphism), and their association with milk productivity in Black Pied, Bestuzhevskaya, and Simmental cattle breeds have been studied. It was shown that allele GH(V) at the AluI polymorphic site and allele GH(D) at the MSPI polymorphic site of the GH gene, particularly in homozygous state, were more favorable in terms of agricultural importance than the GH(L) and GH(C) alleles.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Cattle/genetics , Growth Hormone/genetics , Milk , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Animals , Efficiency , RussiaABSTRACT
The possibility of using RAPD markers for the detection of differences between lines of Peking duck constituting a local population maintained at the Blagovarskii State Farm for Pedigree Poultry was demonstrated. Genetic distances based on the RAPD markers precisely and accurately reflect even small changes that occurred in the genetic structure of Peking duck lines during breeding of parental forms. The pattern of inheritance of RAPD markers obtained using primer HM13 was studied in the F1 progeny of two families. The results can be used for improvement of available high-productivity lines of ducks breeding of new lines, and promotion of the combining abilities of lines.
Subject(s)
Ducks/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Animals , Female , Male , Pedigree , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the genetic differentiation of breeds of Peking and Musk ducks maintained at the Blagovarskii State Farm for Pedigree Poultry was studied. A comparison of genetic distances estimated by two different methods, as well as similarity dendrograms based on these estimates, was performed. The similarity dendrograms obtained using different primers and methods of construction were found to be similar. The pattern of breed clustering on these dendrograms adequately reflects their actual state known from the history and genealogy of breeds.
Subject(s)
Ducks/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Animals , Base Sequence , DNA Primers , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueABSTRACT
60 children and adolescents with tuberculosis aged 12-17 years were examined to specify typical features of the infection in present-day social and economic situation and approaches to its early prehospital diagnosis. The majority of the patients were girls infected with M. tuberculosis 2-3 years before the examination, exposed to a single BCG vaccination with one postvaccination mark. Half of the patients were identified by the symptoms, one third by fluorography, the rest by tuberculin diagnosis or contact. A complex of measures is proposed to improve prehospital diagnosis in children and adolescents.
