iantes anatómicas en la vascularización cerebral: arteria trigeminal persistente / Anatomical variants in brain vascularization: persistent trigeminal artery

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Tromboendarterectomía carotídea en el paciente anciano: características clínicas de los pacientes intervenidos y resultados a corto y medio plazo / Carotid thromboendarterectomy in the elderly patient: clinical characteristics in operated patients and short and middle term results

Introducción. La tromboendarterectomía (TEA) carotídeaes el procedimiento de elección para estenosis graves,especialmente si son sintomáticas, en pacientes menores de80 años. En poblaciones ancianas hay estudios que documentanla persistencia del beneficio del procedimiento; además,otros tratamientos no han demostrado tanta eficacia o sehan acompañado de frecuentes complicaciones. Este estudiodescribe las características clínicas, resultados quirúrgicosy evolución de los pacientes mayores de 75 y 80 añosintervenidos en nuestro centro en relación con los más jóvenes.Métodos. Durante los años 2000 a 2006 fueron intervenidos86 pacientes, 8 de ellos bilateralmente. Se realizaun estudio retrospectivo que describe datos relativos a lascaracterísticas clínicas y evolución de los pacientes endarterectomizados,así como comparativo entre los distintos gruposde edad.Resultados. Fueron intervenidos 26 pacientes mayoresde 75 años, de ellos 6 eran mayores de 80 años. En los pacientesmayores el factor de riesgo fundamental fue la hipertensiónarterial, hubo menor proporción de fumadores ymayor frecuencia de estenosis grave u oclusión contralateral.Las estenosis intervenidas fueron más graves y con característicasmás agresivas. No se detectó mayor comorbilidado riesgo anestésico que en los pacientes más jóvenes.Los resultados quirúrgicos, la tasa de complicaciones perioperatoriasy la evolución a corto y medio plazo fue similaren los distintos grupos de edad (morbilidad y mortalidad inmediatapor accidente isquémico transitorio, infarto cerebralo muerte: 0% en mayores de 75 años frente a 4,41%en menores de 75 años).Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados apoyan que la edadno debe considerarse una contraindicación para la realizaciónde una TEA carotídea si existe una indicación quirúrgicaclara y una morbilidad y riesgo anestésico aceptables, comoen otros grupos poblacionales (AU)

Introduction. Carotid thromboendarterectomy is thetechnique of choice for treating high-grade stenosis inpatients less than 80 years of age, especially if they aresymptomatic. Previous studies have also documented thepersistence of the benefit of the procedure in elderly populationsand, in addition, other treatments have notbeen demonstrated to be as effective or have been relatedto more frequent complications. This study describes theclinical characteristics, surgical results and outcome ofpatients older than 75 and 80 years old, treated by thromboendarterectomyin our center in comparison with ayounger population.Methods. Between the years 2000 to 2006, 86 patientswere treated by thromboendarterectomy, 8 of thembilaterally. A retrospective study that described the dataregarding clinical characteristics and outcome of the patientswho had undergone endarterectomy was conductedand the different age groups were compared.Results. Twenty-six patients older than 75 years old,6 of whom were older than 80, were operated on. In theelderly patients, the fundamental risk factor was highblood pressure, there was a lower proportion of smokersand a higher proportion of contralateral severe stenosisor occlusion. Stenosis treated by surgery was more severeand had more aggressive characteristics. Comorbidityand anesthetic risk were the same as in younger patients.Surgical results, perioperative complication rates andshort and long term outcome were similar in the differentage groups (immediate morbidity-mortality due totransitory ischemic accident, stroke or death: 0% in408 older than 75 vs. 4.41% in those under 75). Conclusions. Our results support that age should notbe considered a contraindication for the performance ofa carotid thromboendarterectomy if there is a clear indicationand acceptable morbidity and anesthetic risk, asin other population groups (AU)

[Carotid thromboendarterectomy in the elderly patient: clinical characteristics in operated patients and short and middle term results]. / Tromboendarterectomía carotídea en el paciente anciano: características clínicas de los pacientes intervenidos y resultados a corto y medio plazo.

INTRODUCTION: Carotid thromboendarterectomy is the technique of choice for treating highgrade stenosis in patients less than 80 years of age, especially if they are symptomatic. Previous studies have also documented the persistence of the benefit of the procedure in elderly populations and, in addition, other treatments have not been demonstrated to be as effective or have been related to more frequent complications. This study describes the clinical characteristics, surgical results and outcome of patients older than 75 and 80 years old, treated by thromboendarterectomy in our center in comparison with a younger population. METHODS: Between the years 2000 to 2006, 86 patients were treated by thromboendarterectomy, 8 of them bilaterally. A retrospective study that described the data regarding clinical characteristics and outcome of the patients who had undergone endarterectomy was conducted and the different age groups were compared. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients older than 75 years old, 6 of whom were older than 80, were operated on. In the elderly patients, the fundamental risk factor was high blood pressure, there was a lower proportion of smokers and a higher proportion of contralateral severe stenosis or occlusion. Stenosis treated by surgery was more severe and had more aggressive characteristics. Comorbidity and anesthetic risk were the same as in younger patients. Surgical results, perioperative complication rates and short and long term outcome were similar in the different age groups (immediate morbidity-mortality due to transitory ischemic accident, stroke or death: 0% in older than 75 vs. 4.41% in those under 75). CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that age should not be considered a contraindication for the performance of a carotid thromboendarterectomy if there is a clear indication and acceptable morbidity and anesthetic risk, as in other population groups.

Tumores vasculares de bajo flujo con localización infrecuente en el territorio maxilofacial. Aportación de la resonancia magnética (RM) en el diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico / Low-flow vascular tumors with unsual localitation in the mxillofacial area. Contribution of the magnetic resonance (MR) for the diagnosis and therapeutic management

La RM es la primera prueba que se debe realizar en el estudio de las masas de tejidos blandos, incluidos los angiomas de la región oral y maxilofacial, dado que contribuye significativamente en el diagnóstico preoperatorio de estas masas y, además, aporta importante información acerca de su extensión. Presentamos dos casos de tumoraciones vasculares de bajo flujo con localización poco frecuente en el territorio maxilofacial. El primer caso es un linfangioma temporal y el segundo un hemangioma intramaseterino. Se describen las pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas, haciendo especial mención al valor de la información aportada por la RM y la técnica quirúrgica empleada para el tratamento de estas tumoraciones (AU)

[Non-specific spondylitis in childhood]. / Espondilitis no específica infantil.

Non pyogenic discitis is a benign disease of the pediatric age grup. 1st diagnosis is difficult, as the initial symtons may divert the physician to different organs or systems other than the spine. Establishing the diagnosis in the early stage of the disease is important in order to avoid unnecessary and expensive diagnostic procedures. Non pyogenic discitis is diagnosed on radiograms by the demonstration of the narrow disc-space with involvement of the adjacent vertebral bodies. Four phases are recognised in the development of the imaging changes.