Cholesterol and n-3 and n-6 fatty acid content in eggs from laying hens fed with red crab meal (Pleuroncodes planipes).

Red crab (Pleuroncodes planipes) is a marine crustacean that represents an abundant resource that has not been properly used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on cholesterol and n-3 and n-6 FA content in eggs when red crab meal (RCM) was included in laying hen rations. Ninety White Leghorn laying hens were randomly distributed into 3 treatments: control (0%RCM), 3% red crab meal (3%RCM), and 6% red crab meal (6%RCM) for 3 wk. Cholesterol and linoleic (LA), alpha-linolenic (ALA), arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. Performance parameters and cholesterol content were not different among treatments (P > 0.05). Total lipids were different in the control group and 6%RCM (9.0 and 9.4% respectively) compared with 3%RCM (10.9%). With 3%RCM and 6%RCM, the levels of all fatty acids analyzed were higher than in the control. Diets with 3 and 6% RCM doubled the content of ALA (16.4 and 15.4 mg/100 g of egg, respectively). Eicosapentaenoic acid was lowest in 0%RCM (6 mg/100 g of egg) compared with 3%RCM (13 mg/100 g) and 6%RCM (17 mg/100 g). Similar results were obtained for DHA (56, 133, and 246 mg/100 g of egg). Linoleic acid and AA were highest (1,211 and 228 mg/100 g, respectively) with 3%RCM and with 6%RCM (1,151 and 200 mg/100 g, respectively) vs. control (890 and 163 mg/100 g). The ratio of n-6 to n-3 FA was 3 times lower with 6%RCM than in the control. It was concluded that inclusion of red crab meal in laying hen rations at levels of 3 and 6% (P < 0.05) increased the n-3 and n-6 fatty acids content in eggs.

Hipotensión perioperatoria grave tras nefrectomía con suprarrenalectomía / Severe perioperative hypotension after nephrectomy with adrenalectomy

A una mujer de 70 años, obesa e hipertensa en tratamiento con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (IECA) y clortalidona, pero sin antecedentes de tratamiento corticoideo ni enfermedad del eje hipotálamohipófiso-suprarrenal, se le realizó una nefrectomía más suprarrenalectomía bajo anestesia combinada: general y peridural. Presentó una hipotensión arterial grave con oliguria intraoperatoria, que continuó en el postoperatorio junto al desarrollo de anuria, acidosis metabólica, hiponatremia e hiperpotasemia. Aunque inicialmente el cuadro se atribuyó al tratamiento previo con IECA más diuréticos junto a la anestesia combinada, la refractariedad a la administración de cristaloides, coloides e inotrópicos catecolamínicos, con respuesta parcial a la efedrina y el desarrollo de anuria, acidosis metabólica, hiponatremia e hiperpotasemia, nos hizo pensar en la concurrencia de una crisis addisoniana. Tras extraer muestras para determinar cortisol y ACTH, se inició el tratamiento con hidrocortisona. La respuesta al tratamiento junto al cortisol descendido confirmaron el diagnóstico de insuficiencia suprarrenal. En los pacientes sometidos a una nefrectomía más suprarrenalectomía por hipernefroma, se ha observado que la suprarrenal contralateral compensa la secreción endógena del cortisol, por esto no se recomienda tratamiento sustitutivo. Por otra parte, se han descrito crisis addisonianas perioperatorias en pacientes sometidos a cirugías con estrés quirúrgico importante. También se han visto hipotensiones graves en los pacientes tratados crónicamente con IECA tras la inducción de la anestesia general y tras la anestesia epidural con anestésicos locales. En este caso la conjunción de todos estos factores dificultó el diagnóstico y la rápida instauración del tratamiento adecuado (AU)

[Severe perioperative hypotension after nephrectomy with adrenalectomy]. / Hipotensión perioperatoria grave tras nefrectomía con suprarrenalectomía.

A 70-year-old obese, hypertensive woman taking angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and chlorthalidone but with no history of corticosteroid treatment or hypothalamus-hypophyseal-adrenal disease, underwent nephrectomy and adrenalectomy under combined general and epidural anesthesia. Severe hypotension with oliguria developed during surgery and persisted during postoperative recovery, with anuria, metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia and hyperpotassemia. Although the symptoms were initially attributed to prior treatment with ACE inhibitors and diuretics together with combined anesthesia, the patient's lack of response to crystalloid, colloid and inotropic catecholamine therapy in the context of anuria, metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia and hyperpotassemia led us to consider a diagnosis of Addisonian crisis. Blood samples were taken to determine adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, and hydrocortisone treatment was started. The patient responded to treatment and cortisol levels fell, confirming the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Compensatory endrocrine secretion of cortisol by the contralateral adrenal gland has been observed in patients undergoing nephrectomy and adrenalectomy for excision of a hypernephroma, and replacement therapy is therefore not recommended. Perioperative Addisonian crises have also been described in patients suffering great surgical stress, and severe hypotension has been observed in patients on long-term treatment with ACE inhibitors after induction of general anesthesia and after epidural anesthesia with local anesthetics. The combination of these factors made rapid diagnosis and start of appropriate therapy difficult.

Neoclerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria caerulea.

Five new neoclerodane diterpenoids have been isolated from Scutellaria caerulea: (11S*)-6 alpha-acetoxy-7 beta,11-diisobutiryloxy-1 beta,8 beta-dihydroxy-4(18),13-neoclerodadien-15,16-olide (scuterulein A) (1); (13R*)-1 beta-6 alpha-7 beta-triacetoxy-11 beta-benzoyloxy-8 beta,13-epoxy-4(18)-neocleroden-15,16-olide (scuterulein B) (2); (11S*)-1 beta,6 alpha,11-triacetoxy-7 beta-isobutiryloxy-8 beta-hydroxy-4(18),13-neoclerodadien-15,16-olide (scuterulein C) (3); (11S*)-6 alpha,11-diacetoxy-7 beta-isobutiryloxy-1 beta,8 beta-dihydroxy-4(18),13-neoclerodadien-15,16-olide (deacetyl scuterulein C) (4), and (11E)-6 alpha-acetoxy-7 beta-isobutiryloxy-1 beta,8 beta-dihydroxy-4(18),11,13-neoclerodatrien-15,16-olide (scuterulein D) (5). Structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods. An X-ray analysis was carried out on scuterulein B (2).

Via intrapericardica como recurso tecnico en las resecciones pulmonares. / Intrapericardial approach as technical resource in pulmonary resections. Personal experience

En una serie de 112 neumonectomias por distintas lesiones, la ampliacion de la reseccion habitual se efectuo en 69 (60 por cancer del pulmon). Se considera que la via intrapericardica para la ligadura de los vasos esta indicada para subsanar accidentes operatorios o cuando la situacion anatomica (tumor o inflamacion) hace imposible o riesgosa la ligadura extrapericardica.Se describen las maniobras quirurgicas seguidas con ambas tecnicas.Las complicaciones intra o postoperatorias imputables a la via (alteraciones del ritmo, hemorragia) y los resultados obtenidos. En los ultimos 14 casos solo 1 enfermo fallecio, a pesar de que en todos se efetuaron amplias resecciones. Los autores consideran que se trata de un excelente recurso tecnico que debe ser conocido u dominado por el cirujano toracico

Via intrapericardica como recurso tecnico en las resecciones pulmonares. / Intrapericardial approach as technical resource in pulmonary resections. Personal experience

En una serie de 112 neumonectomias por distintas lesiones, la ampliacion de la reseccion habitual se efectuo en 69 (60 por cancer del pulmon). Se considera que la via intrapericardica para la ligadura de los vasos esta indicada para subsanar accidentes operatorios o cuando la situacion anatomica (tumor o inflamacion) hace imposible o riesgosa la ligadura extrapericardica.Se describen las maniobras quirurgicas seguidas con ambas tecnicas.Las complicaciones intra o postoperatorias imputables a la via (alteraciones del ritmo, hemorragia) y los resultados obtenidos. En los ultimos 14 casos solo 1 enfermo fallecio, a pesar de que en todos se efetuaron amplias resecciones. Los autores consideran que se trata de un excelente recurso tecnico que debe ser conocido u dominado por el cirujano toracico