ABSTRACT
Traditional pharmacological treatments, although effective, often carry potential side effects, which positions art therapy and music therapy as promising non-pharmacological alternatives to alleviate symptoms and improve social, cognitive, and emotional skills without the associated risks. Through a review in the SCOPUS and WOS databases following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 80 articles were analyzed through a series of determined categories and subcategories of analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on the efficacy and applicability of art therapy and music therapy in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), hyperactivity disorder (HSDD), developmental language disorders, and language learning difficulties, identifying best practices and key areas for future research. Among the main findings is that art therapy and music therapy have a significant impact on symptomatology, behavior, and communication as well as social, cognitive, and emotional skills in the pediatric populations studied. These therapies are highly valued by the participants with a large majority recognizing their adaptability to different educational and clinical contexts. It is concluded that these therapies have a high potential as viable alternatives or complements to traditional pharmacological treatments, justifying their application and further study in broader therapeutic contexts.
ABSTRACT
This article evaluates an educational experience that uses art to develop empathy. The artistic educational project is called "stepping into others' shoes" and is carried out with 71 students enrolled in the Early Childhood Education and Primary Education degree programs of the University of Vigo. The main objective is to analyze the students' experiences in processes of empathic pedagogical relationships that allow empowerment dynamics of oneself and others. An ethnographic approach is used to evaluate the experience through a group case study design with different qualitative instruments: analysis of artistic production, field diary and life stories. The main results indicate that when art is used for the construction of an empathic identity, the participants of these creative dynamics find it difficult to express their feelings and emotions. However, these processes favor social relationships and mutual recognition, as well as self-knowledge. It facilitates the creation of alternative meeting spaces and the promotion of creativity. Based on these results and their discussion, lines of action are suggested which should allow using art as a resource to develop empathy and promote increased motivation in the classroom.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The current population has new characteristics that require changes to be made in the public health system. In the case of the elderly, the concrete aspects of their health must be known to improve the system, in search of a better quality of life and as much independence as possible. METHOD: The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of a music therapy program with institutionalized elderly participants to avoid depressive symptoms and improve social interaction and creativity. This is a group case study that uses a pretest-post-test descriptive design. The program was divided into sixteen sessions, two sessions each week. As inclusion and exclusion criteria, physical dependency and cognitive state were used. RESULTS: The results present an improvement in the physical dimensions of quality of life and an increase in creativity and social interaction. It is recommended that the sessions in the program, aiming to achieve a greater efficiency, are extended because the elderly have very ingrained habits and routines that are very hard to eliminate. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy, a non-pharmacological and worthwhile treatment, is a therapeutic option with proven benefits. Music therapy has the potential to improve health and quality of life in the elderly and also foster the amelioration of various chronic illnesses, such as depression.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Comprehensive geriatric evaluation should include a functional and cognitive assessment to guide the intervention of interdisciplinary teams. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical capacities of institutionalized elderly people and to describe the preventive actions of physical activity and music therapy as non-invasive preventive pharmacological treatments given their importance for the cognitive and functional performance of elderly people. An observational and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The participants in the study were 109 elderly people institutionalized in three residential centers with a mean age of 83.41 years (SD = 8.72). FINDINGS: Most of the residents had very impaired physical faculties. However, cognitive impairment was not very high. Most residents (55.04%) had some form of dementia and/or high blood pressure (54.12%) followed by pathologies such as diabetes (27.52%), heart failure (17.43%), Parkinson's disease (9.17%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.25%). There were no differences in cognitive or physical capacity among the residents according to sex, age, or education and only those who had worked in the service sector had less cognitive capacity than those who had worked in the agricultural sector or as housewives. APPLICATIONS: Facilitate the creation and development of programs based on physical activity and music therapy in residential centers that can prevent and improve pathologies on the elderly.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El aumento de enfermedades transmisibles justifica la necesidad de verificar la eficacia no farmacológica de los tratamientos alternativos. La música promueve las interacciones sociales y el trabajo en grupo, ayuda en varios aspectos del aprendizaje humano, la emoción y la memoria, y puede convertirse en una herramienta terapéutica complementaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evidencia de la eficacia de la musicoterapia como tratamiento no farmacológico mediante un diseño descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando como parámetros de búsqueda: "musicoterapia" o "programas musicales" y "salud" en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los programas de intervención que utilizan la música como tratamiento coadyuvante no farmacológico en enfermedades no transmisibles ofrecen resultados positivos y significativos sobre la mejora de las patologías en las que interviene. A partir de estos resultados, sería importante ampliar la formación de los profesionales de la salud en la aplicación de técnicas basadas en el arte y específicamente en la musicoterapia.
Resumo O aumento das doenças transmissíveis justifica a necessidade de verificar a eficácia não farmacológica de tratamentos alternativos. A música promove interações sociais e trabalho em grupo, auxilia em vários aspectos da aprendizagem humana, emoção e memória, e pode se tornar uma ferramenta terapêutica complementar. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia da musicoterapia como tratamento não farmacológico por meio de um desenho descritivo retrospectivo utilizando como parâmetros de busca: "musicoterapia" ou "programas de música" e "saúde" nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos que os programas de intervenção que utilizam a música como coadjuvante não farmacológico nas doenças não transmissíveis oferecem resultados positivos e significativos na melhora das patologias em que intervém. Com base nesses resultados, seria importante ampliar a formação dos profissionais de saúde na aplicação de técnicas baseadas na arte e especificamente na musicoterapia.
Abstract The increase in communicable diseases justifies the need to verify the non-pharmacological efficacy of alternative treatments. Music promotes social interactions and group work, helps in various aspects of human learning, emotion, and memory, and can become a complementary therapeutic tool. This study aimed to analyse the efficacy of music therapy as a non-pharmacological treatment through a retrospective descriptive design using as search parameters: "music therapy" or "music programs" and "health" in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Among the main results, we highlight that the intervention programs that use music as an adjunctive non-pharmacological treatment in non-communicable diseases offer positive and significant results on the improvement of the pathologies in which it intervenes. Based on these results, it would be important to expand the training of health professionals in the application of techniques based on art and specifically in music therapy.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El aumento de enfermedades transmisibles justifica la necesidad de verificar la eficacia no farmacológica de los tratamientos alternativos. La música promueve las interacciones sociales y el trabajo en grupo, ayuda en varios aspectos del aprendizaje humano, la emoción y la memoria, y puede convertirse en una herramienta terapéutica complementaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la evidencia de la eficacia de la musicoterapia como tratamiento no farmacológico mediante un diseño descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando como parámetros de búsqueda: "musicoterapia" o "programas musicales" y "salud" en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los programas de intervención que utilizan la música como tratamiento coadyuvante no farmacológico en enfermedades no transmisibles ofrecen resultados positivos y significativos sobre la mejora de las patologías en las que interviene. A partir de estos resultados, sería importante ampliar la formación de los profesionales de la salud en la aplicación de técnicas basadas en el arte y específicamente en la musicoterapia.
Resumo O aumento das doenças transmissíveis justifica a necessidade de verificar a eficácia não farmacológica de tratamentos alternativos. A música promove interações sociais e trabalho em grupo, auxilia em vários aspectos da aprendizagem humana, emoção e memória, e pode se tornar uma ferramenta terapêutica complementar. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia da musicoterapia como tratamento não farmacológico por meio de um desenho descritivo retrospectivo utilizando como parâmetros de busca: "musicoterapia" ou "programas de música" e "saúde" nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos que os programas de intervenção que utilizam a música como coadjuvante não farmacológico nas doenças não transmissíveis oferecem resultados positivos e significativos na melhora das patologias em que intervém. Com base nesses resultados, seria importante ampliar a formação dos profissionais de saúde na aplicação de técnicas baseadas na arte e especificamente na musicoterapia.
Abstract The increase in communicable diseases justifies the need to verify the non-pharmacological efficacy of alternative treatments. Music promotes social interactions and group work, helps in various aspects of human learning, emotion, and memory, and can become a complementary therapeutic tool. This study aimed to analyse the efficacy of music therapy as a non-pharmacological treatment through a retrospective descriptive design using as search parameters: "music therapy" or "music programs" and "health" in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Among the main results, we highlight that the intervention programs that use music as an adjunctive non-pharmacological treatment in non-communicable diseases offer positive and significant results on the improvement of the pathologies in which it intervenes. Based on these results, it would be important to expand the training of health professionals in the application of techniques based on art and specifically in music therapy.
