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1.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 23(6): 1165-72, 2015.
Article in English, Portuguese, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26626009

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To know the perspective of alcoholic patients and their families about the behavioral characteristics of the disease, identifying the issues to modify the addictive behavior and seek rehabilitation. METHOD: Ethnographic research using interpretative anthropology, via participant observation and a detailed interview with alcoholic patients and their families, members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Alanon in Spain. RESULTS: Development of disease behavior in alcoholism is complex due to the issues of interpreting the consumption model as a disease sign. Patients often remain long periods in the pre-contemplation stage, delaying the search for assistance, which often arrives without them accepting the role of patient. This constrains the recovery and is related to the social thought on alcoholism and self-stigma on alcoholics and their families, leading them to deny the disease, condition of the patient, and help. The efforts of self-help groups and the involvement of health professionals is essential for recovery. CONCLUSION: Understanding how disease behavior develops, and the change process of addictive behavior, it may be useful for patients, families and health professionals, enabling them to act in a specific way at each stage.


Subject(s)
Alcoholics Anonymous , Alcoholism/psychology , Attitude , Behavior, Addictive , Family , Health Personnel , Humans , Spain
2.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 23(6): 1165-1172, Nov.-Dec. 2015.
Article in Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-767123

ABSTRACT

Objective: to know the perspective of alcoholic patients and their families about the behavioral characteristics of the disease, identifying the issues to modify the addictive behavior and seek rehabilitation. Method: ethnographic research using interpretative anthropology, via participant observation and a detailed interview with alcoholic patients and their families, members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Alanon in Spain. Results: development of disease behavior in alcoholism is complex due to the issues of interpreting the consumption model as a disease sign. Patients often remain long periods in the pre-contemplation stage, delaying the search for assistance, which often arrives without them accepting the role of patient. This constrains the recovery and is related to the social thought on alcoholism and self-stigma on alcoholics and their families, leading them to deny the disease, condition of the patient, and help. The efforts of self-help groups and the involvement of health professionals is essential for recovery. Conclusion: understanding how disease behavior develops, and the change process of addictive behavior, it may be useful for patients, families and health professionals, enabling them to act in a specific way at each stage.


Objetivos: conhecer as perspectivas de pessoas doentes alcoólatras e familiares sobre as características do comportamento da doença, identificando as dificuldades para modificar o comportamento aditivo e motivar a recuperação. Método: pesquisa etnográfica baseada na antropologia interpretativa, mediante observação participante e entrevista em profundidade com as pessoas doentes alcoólatras e seus familiares, membros dos Alcoólicos Anónimos e Al-anon, na Espanha. Resultados: o desenvolvimento do comportamento da doença no alcoolismo é complexo, dadas as dificuldades para interpretar o modelo de consumo como sinal de doença. Usualmente, as pessoas doentes permanecem por longos períodos de tempo na etapa de pré-contemplação, atrasando a demanda de assistência, a qual costuma chegar sem a aceitação da doença pela própria pessoa doente. Isso dificulta a recuperação e relaciona-se à consideração social do alcoolismo e à auto estigma em alcoólatras e familiares, levando-os a negar a doença, a condição de doente e a ajuda. O trabalho dos grupos de ajuda mútua e a implicação dos profissionais da saúde são fundamentais para sua recuperação. Conclusão: conhecer o desenvolvimento do comportamento da doença e o processo de mudança do comportamento aditivo pode ser útil para as pessoas doentes, familiares, e profissionais da saúde, permitindo-lhes atuar de forma específica em cada etapa.


Objetivos: conocer las perspectivas de enfermos alcohólicos y de familiares sobre las características de la conducta de la enfermedad, identificando las dificultades para modificar la conducta adictiva y emprender la recuperación. Método: investigación etnográfica desde la antropología interpretativa, mediante observación participante y entrevista en profundidad con enfermos alcohólicos y sus familiares, miembros de Alcohólicos Anónimos y Al-anon en España. Resultados: el desarrollo de la conducta de enfermedad en el alcoholismo es complejo dadas las dificultades para interpretar el modelo de consumo como señal de enfermedad. Los enfermos suelen mantenerse largos periodos de tiempo en la etapa de precontemplación retrasando la demanda de asistencia, a la que suelen llegar sin aceptar el rol de enfermo. Esto dificulta la recuperación y se relaciona con la consideración social del alcoholismo y el autoestigma en alcohólicos y familiares, llevándoles a negar la enfermedad, la consideración de enfermo y la ayuda. La labor de los grupos de ayuda mutua y la implicación de los profesionales sanitarios resulta fundamental para su recuperación. Conclusión: conocer el desarrollo de la conducta de enfermedad y el proceso de cambio de la conducta adictiva, puede ser de utilidad para enfermos, familiares, y profesionales sanitarios, permitiéndoles actuar de forma específica en cada etapa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Attitude , Family , Behavior, Addictive , Alcoholics Anonymous , Alcoholism/psychology , Spain , Health Personnel
3.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 21(2): 595-603, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23797554

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the content validity of the Self-perception of Family Health Status scale. METHOD: A validation study of an instrument with an online Delphi panel using the consensus technique. Eighteen experts in the subject were intentionally selected, with a multidisciplinary origin and representing different professional fields. Each of the proposed items was assessed using a five-point scale, and open-ended questions, to modify or propose items. Descriptive analysis was performed of the sample and the items, applying criteria of validation/elimination. RESULTS: The first round had a response rate of 83.3% and validated 75 of the 96 proposed items; the second had a response rate of 80%, and validated the 21 newly created items, concluding the panel of experts. CONCLUSIONS: We present an instrument to measure self-perception of family health status, from a nursing perspective. This may be an advance in scientific knowledge, to facilitate the assessment of the state of health of the family unit, enabling detection of alterations, and to facilitate interventions to prevent consequences to the family unit and its members. It can be used in clinical care, research or teaching.


Subject(s)
Delphi Technique , Family Health , Health Status , Self Concept , Surveys and Questionnaires , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online);21(2): 595-603, Mar-Apr/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-674628

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the content validity of the Self-perception of Family Health Status scale. METHOD: A validation study of an instrument with an online Delphi panel using the consensus technique. Eighteen experts in the subject were intentionally selected, with a multidisciplinary origin and representing different professional fields. Each of the proposed items was assessed using a five-point scale, and open-ended questions, to modify or propose items. Descriptive analysis was performed of the sample and the items, applying criteria of validation/elimination. RESULTS: The first round had a response rate of 83.3% and validated 75 of the 96 proposed items; the second had a response rate of 80%, and validated the 21 newly created items, concluding the panel of experts. CONCLUSIONS: We present an instrument to measure self-perception of family health status, from a nursing perspective. This may be an advance in scientific knowledge, to facilitate the assessment of the state of health of the family unit, enabling detection of alterations, and to facilitate interventions to prevent consequences to the family unit and its members. It can be used in clinical care, research or teaching. .


OBJETIVO: Verificar a validade de conteúdo da escala Auto-percepção da Família sobre o estado de saúde. MÉTODO: Um estudo de validação de um instrumento com um painel Delphi on-line, utilizando a técnica de consenso. Dezoito especialistas no assunto, selecionados intencionalmente, de origem multidisciplinar e representando diferentes áreas profissionais. Cada um dos itens propostos foi avaliado usando uma escala de cinco pontas, e perguntas abertas, para modificação ou propostas de itens. Realizada análise descritiva da amostra e os itens, aplicando critérios de validação / eliminação. RESULTADOS: A primeira rodada teve uma taxa de resposta de 83,3% e validados 75 dos 96 itens propostos; a segunda teve uma taxa de resposta de 80%, e validou os 21 itens recém-criados, concluindo o painel de especialistas. CONCLUSÕES: Apresentamos um instrumento para medir a auto-percepção do estado de saúde da família, a partir de uma perspectiva de enfermagem. Este pode ser um avanço no conhecimento científico, a fim de facilitar a avaliação do estado de saúde da unidade familiar, permitindo a detecção de alterações, e facilitando as intervenções para evitar consequências para a unidade da família e seus membros. Ela pode ser usado em pesquisa clínica de cuidados, ou de ensino. .


OBJETIVO: Comprobar la validez de contenido de la escala de Autopercepción del Estado de Salud Familiar. MÉTODO: Estudio de validación de instrumento con panel Delphi on-line como técnica de consenso. Se seleccionaron intencionalmente 18 expertos/as en el tema, de origen multidisciplinar y de diferentes ámbitos profesionales. Cada uno de los ítems propuestos fue valorado mediante una escala de cinco puntos, y mediante preguntas abiertas, para modificar o proponer ítems. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de la muestra y de los ítems, aplicando criterios de estimación/desestimación. RESULTADOS: La primera ronda tuvo una tasa de respuesta del 83,3% y se estimaron 75 ítems de los 96 propuestos; la segunda tuvo una tasa de respuesta de 80%, y se estimaron los 21 ítems de nueva creación, concluyendo el panel de expertos/as. CONCLUSIONES: Se presenta un instrumento para medir la Autopercepción del Estado de Salud Familiar, desde una perspectiva enfermera. Este puede suponer un avance en el conocimiento científico, al facilitar la valoración del estado de salud de la unidad familiar, permitir detectar sus alteraciones, y facilitar las intervenciones para prevenir las consecuencias de estas sobre la propia unidad familiar y sus miembros. Puede ser usado en la asistencia, investigación o docencia. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Delphi Technique , Family Health , Health Status , Self Concept , Surveys and Questionnaires
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