ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To screen for mutations in the coding region of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene and to assess the association between the rs17782313 variant near MC4R with childhood obesity and eating behavior. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional sample of 221 obese Chilean children and 268 parents were incorporated in the study to assemble 134 case-parent trios. We performed direct sequencing of the MC4R coding region while the rs17782313 variant was genotyped by a Taqman assay. Eating behavior scores were calculated using the Child Eating Behavior and Three Factor Eating Questionnaires adapted for Chilean families. RESULTS: A low frequency of genetic variation in the coding region of MC4R was found in Chilean obese children (Thr150Ile mutation and polymorphisms Ile251Leu and Val103Ile). The rs17782313 variant is possibly associated with satiety responsiveness (P = 0.01) and enjoyment of food scores (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The rs17782313 variant may influence eating behavior in obese children.
Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior , Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics , Obesity/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/genetics , Amino Acid Substitution , Anthropometry , Appetite , Child , Child Behavior , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , DNA Mutational Analysis , Female , Genetic Association Studies , Heterozygote , Humans , Male , Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry , Obesity/blood , Open Reading Frames/genetics , Parents , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/chemistry , Satiety Response , Statistics as Topic , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
La conducta alimentaria es el conjunto de acciones que establecen la relación del ser humano con los alimentos. Se acepta generalmente que los comportamientos frente a la alimentación se adquieren a través de la experiencia directa con la comida, por la imitación de modelos, la disponibilidad de alimentos, el estatus social, los simbolismos afectivos y las tradiciones culturales. Además de las influencias sociales, se ha señalado que las influencias genéticas y de ambiente familiar compartido, tienen un impacto relevante sobre el patrón de ingesta, la conducta alimentaria y la obesidad infantil. Los estudios sobre ingesta de alimentos en obesidad se han centrado principalmente en determinar la cantidad y tipo de alimentos de la dieta habitual, presentando resultados controversiales. También existe un interés creciente por explorar la relación entre la obesidad y la conducta de alimentación, medida a través de herramientas psicométricas que analizan diferentes dimensiones tales como la alimentación emocional, la alimentación sin control o la restricción cognitiva. Esta revisión aborda la influencia de la familia sobre la conducta alimentaria infantil en relación con la obesidad, tanto desde la perspectiva del ambiente familiar compartido como desde la herencia genética.
Eating behavior involves all actions that define the relation between human beings and food. It is accepted that feeding habits are acquired through eating experiences and practices learned from the familiar and social context in early childhood. Besides the role of the social context, it is also assumed that familiar factors, both common family environment and genetic inheritance, have an important influence on food intake and eating behavior linked with childhood obesity. Research on food intake and childhood obesity has been traditionally focused on the amount and type of foods in the usual diet. However, it is an increasing interest to understand the link between eating behavior and obesity using questionnaires. There are several psychometric tools that have been developed specifically to deal with human eating behavior. This review summarizes the family influences, both genetic and non-genetic, on childhood feeding behavior and their relation to childhood obesity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Feeding Behavior , Feeding Behavior , Obesity/genetics , Child Nutrition SciencesABSTRACT
Eating behavior involves all actions that define the relation between human beings and food. It is accepted that feeding habits are acquired through eating experiences and practices learned from the familiar and social context in early childhood. Besides the role of the social context, it is also assumed that familiar factors, both common family environment and genetic inheritance, have an important influence on food intake and eating behavior linked with childhood obesity. Research on food intake and childhood obesity has been traditionally focused on the amount and type of foods in the usual diet. However, it is an increasing interest to understand the link between eating behavior and obesity using questionnaires. There are several psychometric tools that have been developed specifically to deal with human eating behavior. This review summarizes the family influences, both genetic and non-genetic, on childhood feeding behavior and their relation to childhood obesity.
