ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Introducción: El tratamiento de grandes tumores mandibulares conlleva una alteración anatómica y funcional del paciente. La reconstrucción de estos defectos es un desafío para el cirujano, sin perjuicio que el tratamiento con injertos suele ser la primera opción en la mayoría de los casos, su aplicación podría estar limitada a las consecuencias derivadas de la comunicación del injerto con el medio oral. El presente artículo pretende exponer el uso de acrílico dental como elemento intermediario entre la resección y reconstrucción en situaciones como la descrita. Caso Clínico: Paciente adulta con ameloblastoma mandibular es tratada mediante resección quirúrgica y mantenida con un bloque acrílico en la zona resecada durante 6 meses, con el objeto de permitir el cierre de comunicación de la lesión con el medio oral, reconstruyéndose posteriormente el defecto con injerto libre de cresta ilíaca. Discusión: Las implicancias estético-funcionales de la mandíbula requieren meticulosidad en la reconstrucción de los defectos resultantes a su patología. A través del procedimiento propuesto, se consigue mejorar el pronóstico de la reconstrucción con injerto óseo de un defecto mandibular comunicado al medio oral, obteniéndose buenos resultados morfológicos y funcionales.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The treatment of large mandibular tumors has anatomic and functional sequelae to the patient. Reconstruction of these defects is a challenge to the surgeon, whereas grafting is the first choice treatment in most cases, its application could be limited by conditions such as a communication with the oral environment. The present article intends to present the use of a methacrylate block as an interim device between resection and reconstruction in situations such as the above described. Case Report: An adult female affected by mandibular ameloblastoma is treated by surgical resection and kept with the aid of a methacrylate block in the resected area for 6 months, allowing closure of the communication between the lesion and the oral environment to be posteriorly treated with a free iliac crest graft. Discussion: Functional and esthetic implications of mandibular resection sequelae mandate a thorough reconstruction of the lasting defects. By the proposed procedure a better prognosis for the reconstruction is achieved when using a bone graft in the setting of a lesion communicated with the oral environment, allowing good morphological and functional results.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Acrylic Resins , Mouth Neoplasms , Bone Transplantation , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , MandibleABSTRACT
Background: The number of patients under antiplatelet therapy (APT) continues to raise as current recommendations foster this practice. Although some recommendations to manage this treatment during oral surgery procedures exist, these have methodological shortcomings that preclude them from being conclusive. Material and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the best current evidence was carried out; The Cochrane Library, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) concerning patients undergoing oral surgery with APT, other relevant sources were searched manually. Results: 5 RCTs met the Inclusion criteria. No clear tendency was observed (RR= 0.97 CI 95%: 0,41-2,34; p=0,09; I2= 51%), moreover, they weren't clinically significant. Conclusions: According to these findings and as bleeding is a manageable complication it seems unreasonable to undermine the APT, putting the patient in danger of a thrombotic event and its high inherent morbidity, which isnt comparable in severity and manageability to the former"
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Subject(s)
Humans , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Oral Surgical Procedures/methods , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Thrombosis/prevention & controlABSTRACT
RESUMEN: El desarrollo de la Odontología Basada en Evidencia ha generado la necesidad constante de actualización e información por parte de los profesionales(1). Ante esto, los artículos actualizados que sintetizan información y poseen altos estándares, son las mejores fuentes de evidencia, siendo para ello las revisiones sistemáticas las mejores herramientas(2). Éstas, corresponden a resúmenes claros y estructurados de la información disponible orientada a responder una pregunta clínica específica(3). Poseen un proceso de elaboración estructurado que comienza con el planteamiento de una pregunta clínica específica, con los cuales se realizará la búsqueda en las bases de datos. Una vez obtenida la información se deben seleccionar los artículos y, a partir de los seleccionados, se obtendrán los datos y se realizarán los análisis críticos y estadísticos de la información, finalmente exponiendo los resultados del trabajo.
ABSTRACT: The development of Evidence Based Dentistry has generated the constant need for updating and information from professionals (1). Given this, updated articles synthesizing information and with high standards are the best sources of evidence, being systematic reviews the best tools (2). Systematic reviews are clear and structured summaries of the available information aimed at answering a specific clinical question(3). They have a structured elaboration process that begins with the presentation of a specific clinical question, which will be used for the search in the databases. Once the information has been obtained, the articles must be selected and, starting from the selected ones, the data will be obtained and the critical and statistical analysis of the information will be carried out. Finally, the results of the work will be exposed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Journal Article , Dentistry , Evidence-Based Dentistry , Systematic ReviewABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Introducción: el objetivo de esta revisión fue determinar el riesgo de hemorragia postoperatoria en pacientes con tratamiento anticoagulante oral (TACO) sometidos a cirugía oral que no suspenden su tratamiento comparado con quienes lo modifican o suspenden. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en CENTRAL, Medline y EMBASE, junto con una revisión manual de revistas especializadas y resúmenes de la IADR. Dos revisores realizaron la selección de estudios, evaluación de riesgo de sesgo y extracción de datos de forma independiente. Se seleccionaron los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que miden la aparición de hemorragias en pacientes sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos orales con TACO en comparación con un grupo que interrumpió o modificó su terapia. Resultados: Solo 5 estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (549 pacientes). El metanálisis mostró que el mantenimiento de la TACO no aumenta el riesgo de hemorragia postoperatoria (riesgo relativo: 1,41 [0,93 - 2,16], IC del 95% p = 0,11) en comparación con la interrupción del tratamiento. Conclusión: Aunque se encontró una mayor cantidad de hemorragia postoperatoria en pacientes con TACO comparado con quienes lo interrumpieron o modificaron, esta diferencia no fue estadística ni clínicamente significativa. Por lo tanto, TACO no debe suspenderse en pacientes sometidos a cirugía oral.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: This systematic review aims to determine the postoperative bleeding risk in patients on oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) undergoing oral surgical procedures when continuing with the treatment, compared with those modifying or discontinuing the treatment. Materials and methods: A search was performed using CENTRAL, Medline and EMBASE, in conjunction with a manual review of indexes of specialized journals and abstracts of the IADR. Study selection, assessments of risk of bias and data extraction were performed independently by 2 reviewers. Randomized clinical trials measuring the occurrence of bleeding in patients on OAT undergoing oral surgical procedures compared with a group discontinuing or modifying their therapy were selected. Results: A total of 5 studies were included based on inclusion criteria (549 patients). The meta-analysis showed that the maintenance of OAT does not increases the risk of postoperative bleeding (relative risk [RR] 1.41 [0.93 - 2.16]; 95% CI p= 0,11) compared with the discontinuation of therapy. Conclusion: Although a larger quantity of oral postoperative bleeding episodes were found in patients continuing with OAT compared with patients discontinuing or modifying their therapy, this difference was neither statistically nor clinically significant. Therefore, OAT should not be discontinued in patients undergoing oral surgery.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Patients , Surgery, Oral , Postoperative Hemorrhage , Oral Surgical Procedures , Anti-Bacterial Agents , AnticoagulantsABSTRACT
The present report focused on 2 cases treated successfully with a delayed minimally invasive surgical approach and reviewed the available studies in which this method was used and their outcomes. The current data available suggest that the diversion of salivary flow into the oral cavity by cannulation of the distal portion of the parotid gland duct from the sialocele into the mouth, through the ostium or using a new controlled internal fistula creation, is a reliable, relatively simple, and effective procedure. It is available to the clinician when delayed treatment is needed, with low complication potential and great tolerability. The procedure allows a definite solution to the problem, avoiding undesirable outcomes, and preserves parotid gland functionality throughout the process of healing.
