ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influences of probiotics combined with sulfasalazine (SASP) on the expression of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 clean level and healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, SASP group and combination therapy group, with 15 rats in each group. The rats in the normal group were given normal feeding, and those in the remaining three groups were subjected to the establishment of the UC model. During the modeling, the rats underwent daily gavage and were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms and pathological changes in ulcer indexes and colon tissues were observed in each group. The expression levels of relative genes in the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Compared with those in the model group, the pathological sections of rats in the SASP group and combination therapy group showed significant improvement in the inflammatory response. The expression levels of relative genes in the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway were downregulated in rats of the SASP group and combination therapy group relative to those in the model group. CONCLUSIONS: SASP and probiotics alleviate UC by reducing inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, thereby improving intestinal function and restoring the intestinal structure.
Subject(s)
Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy , Probiotics/administration & dosage , Sulfasalazine/administration & dosage , Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects , Animals , Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Therapy, Combination , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Male , Probiotics/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sulfasalazine/pharmacology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-146a on the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and to explore its regulatory effect on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The UC model in rats was established using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol. A total of 30 male rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and miR-146a inhibitor group, with 10 rats in each group. The disease activity index (DAI) and the macroscopic score of colonic mucosa were measured in each rat. MiR-146a expression in rat intestinal tissues was detected via quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Serum levels of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rats were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, Western blotting assay was performed to detect protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in rat intestinal tissues. RESULTS: Compared with those in control group, rats in model group had notably increased DAI, inflammation score, upregulated expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and miR-146a, as well as increased serum levels of IL-1ß and TNF-α. However, rats in miR-146a inhibitor group exhibited substantially decreased DAI, inflammation score, lowered content of IL-1ß and TNF-α and levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB compared with those in model group. CONCLUSIONS: We found that miR-146a inhibitor alleviates UC by reducing the release of inflammatory factors through suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Subject(s)
Colitis, Ulcerative/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Signal Transduction , Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid/adverse effects , Animals , Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced , Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Regulation , Male , Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats , Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolismABSTRACT
HLA-DQB1*06:209 has one nucleotide change from HLA-DQB1*06:01:01 at position 260 G>C in exon 2.
Subject(s)
Asian People , Bone Marrow/physiology , Genotype , HLA-DQ beta-Chains/genetics , Alleles , Bone Marrow Transplantation , China , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Polymorphism, Genetic , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Tissue Donors , World Health OrganizationABSTRACT
HLA-B*40:338N differs from HLA-B*40:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 843C>A.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Asian People/genetics , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Leukemia/genetics , Base Sequence , Exons/genetics , Humans , Sequence AlignmentABSTRACT
HLA-B*27:04:06 differs from HLA-B*27:04:01 by a single-nucleotide substitution at position 396 C > A.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Asian People/genetics , Bone Marrow/metabolism , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Tissue Donors , Base Sequence , Exons/genetics , HumansABSTRACT
HLA-B*13:98 differs from HLA-B*13:02:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 193 A>G.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Asian People/genetics , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Base Sequence , Exons/genetics , HumansABSTRACT
HLA-DQB1*03:181 has one nucleotide change from HLA-DQB1*03:05:01 at position 470C>G.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Asian People/genetics , HLA-DQ beta-Chains/genetics , Leukemia/genetics , Base Sequence , Exons/genetics , HumansABSTRACT
HLA-B*40:01:41 differs from HLA-B*40:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 195 G>A.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Genotyping Techniques , HLA-B40 Antigen/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Asian People , Blood Donors , Fetal Blood , HumansABSTRACT
HLA-B*55:02:09 and HLA-B*55:80 differ from HLA-B*55:02:01 by 1 single nucleotide substitution, respectively.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Tissue Donors , Amino Acid Substitution , Asian People , Base Sequence , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Codon/chemistry , Gene Expression , Genotype , HLA-B Antigens/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Protein Isoforms/genetics , Protein Isoforms/immunology , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
HLA-B*52:01:27 differs from HLA-B*52:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 681 C>T.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-B52 Antigen/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Asian People , Base Sequence , Codon/chemistry , Gene Expression , Genotype , HLA-B52 Antigen/immunology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Tissue DonorsABSTRACT
HLA-DRB1*08:69 has one nucleotide change from HLA-DRB1*08:03:02 at position 262 G>A.
ABSTRACT
HLA-DQB1*03:164 shows 604G>T and HLA-DQB1*03:165 has 611 C>G change compared with HLA-DQB1*03:01:01:01.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-DQ beta-Chains/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Tissue Donors , Transplant Recipients , Amino Acid Substitution , Asian People , Base Sequence , Codon/chemistry , Female , Gene Expression , Genotype , HLA-DQ beta-Chains/immunology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Leukemia/immunology , Leukemia/pathology , Leukemia/therapy , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Protein Isoforms/genetics , Protein Isoforms/immunology , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , SiblingsABSTRACT
HLA-B*39:01:23 differs from HLA-B*39:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 153 C > T.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-B39 Antigen/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Tissue Donors , Base Sequence , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Codon/chemistry , Gene Expression , Genome, Human , HLA-B39 Antigen/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Introns , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
HLA-A*33:97 has one base substitution at position 287 A>T in exon 2 compared to HLA-A*33:03:01.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-A Antigens/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Tissue Donors , Amino Acid Substitution , Asian People , Base Sequence , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Codon/chemistry , Gene Expression , HLA-A Antigens/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Based on high throughput sequencing and PCR detection technology, this study has found out that intestinal microbial diversity was impaired and the quantities of two main bacteria flora (Bacteroidetes and Clostridium) were significantly reduced in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). Meanwhile mucosal expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 were significantly enhanced, which was inversely correlated with the reduction of Bacteroidetes and Clostridium. Thus, it suggests that D-IBS may be associated with TLR signal transduction triggered by the intestinal dysbacteriosis.
Subject(s)
Diarrhea/genetics , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/genetics , Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics , Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics , Adult , Base Sequence , Case-Control Studies , Diarrhea/metabolism , Female , Gene Expression/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods , Signal Transduction , Toll-Like Receptor 2/metabolism , Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolismABSTRACT
HLA-DRB1*12:50 is different from HLA-DRB1*12:02:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 320 A>C.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-DRB1 Chains/genetics , Point Mutation , Unrelated Donors , Amino Acid Substitution , Asian People , Base Sequence , Codon/chemistry , Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , HLA-DRB1 Chains/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing/methods , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
The KIR2DL2*00103 allele is different from KIR2DL2*00101 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 996 C>T.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Blood Donors , Exons , Point Mutation , Receptors, KIR2DL2/genetics , Asian People , Base Sequence , Blood Transfusion , Codon/chemistry , DNA, Complementary/genetics , DNA, Complementary/metabolism , Humans , Molecular Typing/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Receptors, KIR2DL2/immunology , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
HLA-A*03:181 and HLA-A*03:229 differ from HLA-A*03:01:01:01 by one and three nucleotide substitutions, respectively.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Exons , HLA-A3 Antigen/genetics , Leukemia/genetics , Point Mutation , Amino Acid Substitution , Asian People , Base Sequence , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Codon , Genotype , HLA-A3 Antigen/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Leukemia/immunology , Leukemia/pathology , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Tissue DonorsABSTRACT
HLA-B*52:42 is different from HLA-B*52:01:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 343G>C.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Asian People/genetics , Bone Marrow/metabolism , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Histocompatibility Testing , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Tissue Donors , Base Sequence , Exons/genetics , Humans , Sequence AlignmentABSTRACT
HLA-A*02:543 differ from HLA-A*02:12 by two nucleotide substitutions.