ABSTRACT
La cirugía de corrección de la columna es un procedimiento quirúrgico invasivo que origina daño postoperatorio severo. Reportamos 6 casos de bloqueo en el plano del músculo erector de la columna para cirugía de escoliosis. Nuestro objetivo fue aportar tratamiento efectivo para el dolor perioperatorio, y lograr estabilidad hemodinámica intraoperatoria, sin interferir en la neuromonitorización. También se destacan los retos técnicos. El escáner ecoguiado es necesario para identificar las prominencias óseas y determinar los posibles puntos de inyección múltiples. El bloqueo en el plano del músculo erector de la columna en cirugía de escoliosis es una técnica más fácil y segura, en comparación con la anestesia epidural, pudiendo utilizar cirugía de columna compleja instrumentada. Este bloqueo parece desempeñar un papel en la vía del dolor perioperatorio, complementando el régimen anestésico multimodal y no interfiriendo en los potenciales evocados en adultos. Sin embargo, el mecanismo de difusión de este bloqueo es poco conocido aún y, por tanto, debemos ser conscientes de la toxicidad del anestésico local
Spinal correction surgery is a very invasive surgical procedure and results in severe postoperative pain. We report six cases in which Bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block was performed for scoliosis surgery. Our aim was to provide an effective perioperative pain management and to achieve intraoperative hemodynamic stability with no interference on neuromonitoring. The technical challenges are also highlighted. An ultrasound guided scout scan is necessarry to identify the bony prominences and determine the possible multiple injection points. Erector Spinae Plane Block in scoliosis surgery is an easier and safer technique compared to epidural anesthesia and can use instrumented complex spinal surgery. This block seems to have a role in perioperative pain pathway complementing the multimodal analgesic regimen and not have interference with evocated potentials in adults. However the diffusion mechanism of the this block is not well known hence it should be awake regarding local anesthetic toxicity
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Neuromuscular Blockade/methods , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Ropivacaine/administration & dosage , Scoliosis/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Spinal correction surgery is a very invasive surgical procedure and results in severe postoperative pain. We report six cases in which Bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block was performed for scoliosis surgery. Our aim was to provide an effective perioperative pain management and to achieve intraoperative hemodynamic stability with no interference on neuromonitoring. The technical challenges are also highlighted. An ultrasound guided scout scan is necessarry to identify the bony prominences and determine the possible multiple injection points. Erector Spinae Plane Block in scoliosis surgery is an easier and safer technique compared to epidural anesthesia and can use instrumented complex spinal surgery. This block seems to have a role in perioperative pain pathway complementing the multimodal analgesic regimen and not have interference with evocated potentials in adults. However the diffusion mechanism of the this block is not well known hence it should be awake regarding local anesthetic toxicity.
Subject(s)
Nerve Block/methods , Pain, Postoperative/therapy , Paraspinal Muscles , Scoliosis/surgery , Adolescent , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Child , Dexmedetomidine/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Male , Propofol/administration & dosage , Ropivacaine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To generate a nomogram for predicting the risk of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients using a combination of variables comprising of protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgically removed oral tumours (n = 103) were analysed for the expression of desmosomal and hemidesmosomal assembly proteins by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural alterations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological variables were used to construct nomogram from the training set in 75 patients. Clinical utility of the nomogram was validated in a discrete set of 28 patients. RESULTS: Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the training set, and obtained significant variables comprising of integrin ß4 expression (p = .027), number of hemidesmosomes (p = .027)/desmosomes (p = .046), tumour differentiation grade (p = .033) and tumour thickness (p = .024) were used for construction of the nomogram. The area under the curve was calculated for both training 0.821 (95% CI 0.725-0.918) and validation sets 0.880 (95% CI 0.743-1.000). The nomogram demonstrated a predictive accuracy of 73.3% and 78.6% with the sensitivity of 81.4% and 83.3% in the training and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram constructed on postsurgical tumour samples will be a value addition to histopathology for the detection of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Nomograms , Area Under Curve , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/ultrastructure , Desmosomes/metabolism , Desmosomes/ultrastructure , Female , Hemidesmosomes/metabolism , Hemidesmosomes/ultrastructure , Humans , Integrin beta4/metabolism , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Neck , Neoplasm Grading , Predictive Value of Tests , ROC Curve , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The anaesthetic management of a left pneumonectomy in a 18-month-old girl with a bronchopleural fistula is described. An ordinary tracheal tube was slit at the bevel to ensure upper lobe ventilation on right endobronchial intubation. A combination of a bronchial blocker, endobronchial intubation with a slit tube, and nerve blocks for these manoeuvres was used. Pain relief by a thoracic epidural block ensured good physiotherapy and a comfortable postoperative period.
