ABSTRACT
Objective@#To screen dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness indices for effective assessment of aerobic endurance using incremental load exercise tests.@*Methods@#From March to November 2019, 266 volunteers who were able to understand the trial and voluntarily cooperated with the entire testing process were randomly recruited from 5 universities in Beijing. Gas metabolism and cardiac function were monitored in real time using the German Cortex Metalyzer 3B system and the US Cheetah NICOM system, and maximum oxygen uptake was measured by a linear incremental loading scheme. Aerobic endurance and dynamic cardiopulmonary function indices were selected according to the study design, and the relationship between the two indicators was analyzed using correlation and typicality correlation.@*Results@#The absolute maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2max ), relative maximum oxygen uptake, maximum stroke volume (SV max ), and maximum stroke volume index (SVI max ) were significantly higher in males than in females, and the dynamic cardiopulmonary function index K was significantly lower than in females ( t =17.8, 10.1, 8.5, 4.3 , -6.3, P < 0.05 ). Simple correlation revealed that absolute VO 2max and relative VO 2max were negatively correlated with K and b, and absolute VO 2max and relative VO 2max were positively correlated with SV max and SVI max ( P <0.01); Both dynamic cardiopulmonary function indices were significantly correlated with aerobic endurance. Aerobic endurance indexes closely related to dynamic cardiopulmonary function were absolute VO 2max , relative VO 2max ; dynamic cardiopulmonary function indexes closely related to aerobic endurance were K, b, SV max , SVI max .@*Conclusion@#Improvement of dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness contributes to the improvement of aerobic endurance, the dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness indices K, b, SV max , and SVI max can be used as important candidates to predict the assessment of aerobic exercise capacity.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a new optimized extraction process based on dynamic changes in extract concentration during the extraction process.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sanqi was taken as an example to compare the concentration of marker components, total solids yield and similarity evaluation of the fingerprint images of extracts by orthogonal design optimization process and dynamic optimization process to assess the feasibility of dynamic process optimization method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The concentration of marker components and total solids yield vary less than 5%, with a 100% of similarity in fingerprints, indicating basic coincidence between extracts by the two optimized processes. The dynamic process optimization process could save 79% of the extraction time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the extraction time, the dynamic optimization process is superior to the orthogonal design optimization process in that it can significantly reduce the extraction time and lower production costs.</p>
