ABSTRACT
There is insufficient information on the effects of chemotherapy protocols for Hodgkin's disease (HD) and the course of coexisting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A single literature case reported a patient with HD who developed fulminant hepatitis and hepatic coma after receiving chemotherapy. The case described here is of a female patient previously exposed to prolonged war stress, complicated by intravenous drug abuse and chronic hepatitis C. One year after diagnosis of HCV infection she was diagnosed with HD (nodular sclerosis type II, clinical stage IIIB). The patient received six cycles of ABVD chemotherapy (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) resulting in complete remission of HD. There was no hepatitis flare either during or after chemotherapy. In conclusion, there were no adverse effects of the ABVD regimen on the course of HCV infection in this patient who was successfully treated for HD. Because concurrent HCV infection and HD is extremely rare, we discuss here the possibility of the synergistic contribution of chronic war stress and hepatitis C infection in the pathogenesis of HD.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hodgkin Disease/complications , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Bleomycin/adverse effects , Combat Disorders/complications , Croatia , Dacarbazine/administration & dosage , Dacarbazine/adverse effects , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Humans , Liver/pathology , Liver Function Tests , Neoplasm Staging , Remission Induction , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications , Vinblastine/administration & dosage , Vinblastine/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Genes from the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily encode a diverse group of monooxygenases that play important roles in both endogenous processes and in the metabolism of exogenous compounds, including most drugs. A cluster of Cyp2 genes on mouse chromosome 7 was mapped and analyzed in detail and compared with the homologous cluster on human chromosome 19. The mouse cluster includes 22 loci from the same six CYP2 subfamilies--Cyp2a, Cyp2b, Cyp2f, Cyp2g, Cyp2s, Cyp2t--that are found in the human cluster. Twelve of these loci are functional genes, and 10 are pseudogenes. Parts of the mouse and human gene clusters are similarly arranged, but the data indicate that a significantly different series of duplication events created the modern gene organizations in the two species. The comparison of the mouse and human clusters provides new insights into the evolution of gene families, whereas the detailed analysis provides background information that should be informative for future studies on the expression, regulation, and function of specific mouse Cyp2 genes.
