[Schizophrenia: relationship between negative symptoms and schizotypic features of personality]. / Esquizofrenia: relación entre síntomas negativos y rasgos esquizotípicos de personalidad.

We studied the negative and schizoid-schizotypic features in 19 males chronics schizophrenic inpatients. Our findings prove a direct relation between negative symptoms and schizotypical personality features. We think that the negative symptoms not form a unity and one of them are part of the prior personality.

Esquizofrenia: relación entre síntomas negativos y rasgos esquizotípicos de personalidad. / [Schizophrenia: relationship between negative symptoms and schizotypic features of personality]

We studied the negative and schizoid-schizotypic features in 19 males chronics schizophrenic inpatients. Our findings prove a direct relation between negative symptoms and schizotypical personality features. We think that the negative symptoms not form a unity and one of them are part of the prior personality.

[Akinetic catatonia and antidepressants]. / Catatonia acinética y antidepresivos.

Acute akinetic catatonic syndromes three adult male patients suffered from within the chronic evolution of a schizophrenia are discussed. Cases were treated with tricyclical antidepressants, intravenously applied, thus causing the psychomotor symptoms to rapidly disappear. The success of an antidepressant treatment when such presenting problem is at stake leads the author to speculate about the production mechanisms of this problem at the different organization levels of personality.

[Review of the concept of personality deterioration in schizophrenia]. / Revisión del concepto de deterioro de la personalidad en las esquizofrenias.

Thirty-two patients suffering from schizophrenia (according to DSM-III, and chronic evolution characteristics, have been studied for 10 years. All of them presented signs of schizophrenic deterioration. They had been institutionalized for five years at least, with no leave at all. Some trends of psychiatry highlighting schizophrenic deterioration as an irreversible residual phenomenon are referred to as well as the biological studies relating causitively deterioration to atrophic alterations of the brain. During research, combined features from both therapeutic, and rehabilitation techniques were administered to the population under study, namely: Individual Psychotherapy, Family Psychotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and biological treatments. Nine patients presented a paranoidical form of schizophrenia; 6, a disorganized form; 4, an indifferenciated form; 5, a residual form, and 5, a catatonic form. Close to the end of research, 22 patients were given their discharge certificate after recovery; two were discharged but came back to hospital for short admissions; four are still institutionalized with no improvement foreseen; two are still institutionalized, however at a rehabilitation stage. Finally, two patients passed away during research. It is the author's contention that these results show a symptomatic variability determining that 70% of cases considered as clinical observations are intended to be construed as a dynamic phenomenon--and not as a static-crystallized one.

Revisión del concepto de deterioro de la personalidad en las esquizofrenias. / [Review of the concept of personality deterioration in schizophrenia]

Thirty-two patients suffering from schizophrenia (according to DSM-III, and chronic evolution characteristics, have been studied for 10 years. All of them presented signs of schizophrenic deterioration. They had been institutionalized for five years at least, with no leave at all. Some trends of psychiatry highlighting schizophrenic deterioration as an irreversible residual phenomenon are referred to as well as the biological studies relating causitively deterioration to atrophic alterations of the brain. During research, combined features from both therapeutic, and rehabilitation techniques were administered to the population under study, namely: Individual Psychotherapy, Family Psychotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and biological treatments. Nine patients presented a paranoidical form of schizophrenia; 6, a disorganized form; 4, an indifferenciated form; 5, a residual form, and 5, a catatonic form. Close to the end of research, 22 patients were given their discharge certificate after recovery; two were discharged but came back to hospital for short admissions; four are still institutionalized with no improvement foreseen; two are still institutionalized, however at a rehabilitation stage. Finally, two patients passed away during research. It is the authors contention that these results show a symptomatic variability determining that 70

of cases considered as clinical observations are intended to be construed as a dynamic phenomenon--and not as a static-crystallized one.

Catatonia acinética y antidepresivos. / [Akinetic catatonia and antidepressants]

Acute akinetic catatonic syndromes three adult male patients suffered from within the chronic evolution of a schizophrenia are discussed. Cases were treated with tricyclical antidepressants, intravenously applied, thus causing the psychomotor symptoms to rapidly disappear. The success of an antidepressant treatment when such presenting problem is at stake leads the author to speculate about the production mechanisms of this problem at the different organization levels of personality.

Catatonia acinética y antidepresivos. / [Akinetic catatonia and antidepressants]

Acute akinetic catatonic syndromes three adult male patients suffered from within the chronic evolution of a schizophrenia are discussed. Cases were treated with tricyclical antidepressants, intravenously applied, thus causing the psychomotor symptoms to rapidly disappear. The success of an antidepressant treatment when such presenting problem is at stake leads the author to speculate about the production mechanisms of this problem at the different organization levels of personality.