ABSTRACT
Investigated relations between young people's scores on the Attitudes Toward Guns and Violence Questionnaire (AGVQ; Shapiro, Dorman, Burkey, Welker, & Clough, 1997), demographic variables, and exposure to firearms and violence. 1,164 students, Grades 3 to 12, from an urban, suburban, parochial, and private school system completed anonymous self-report questionnaires in their classrooms. Boys produced higher AGVQ scores than did girls. Scores were similar in Grades 3 and 5, were much higher in Grade 6 than in Grade 5, and were similar in Grades 6 and above. This pattern was found across sex, race, and school system. African Americans obtained higher scores than Caucasians on the AGVQ and on 2 of its 4 factors. Students in the urban public schools produced higher scores than did youth in the other school systems. Both traumatic and nontraumatic exposure to firearms were associated with high AGVQ scores. Sex, grade, and firearm exposure were associated with relatively large differences, while ethnic group and school system were associated with relatively small differences.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Firearms , Violence/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Child , Ethnicity , Female , Humans , Male , Schools , Sex Factors , Social Values , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Administered the Attitudes Toward Guns and Violence Questionnaire (AGVQ) to 1,619 students in Grades 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, and 12 from four demographically diverse school systems. Fifty-two of the 61 items exhibited satisfactory part-whole correlation and correlation with a validity criterion. Factor analysis revealed four main factors: Aggressive Response to Shame, Comfort With Aggression, Excitement, and Power/Safety. The instrument was reduced to 23 items by deleting items with high cross-loadings. Construct validity was similar for the longer and shorter versions. Youth who self-reported owning a gun produced scores 1.5 SD higher than nonowners. Low scores were associated with a 1 in 125 chance of gun ownership, and high scores were associated with a 1 in 3 chance. Congruency coefficients indicated similar factor structure for the present sample and a separate sample of 5th-, 7th- and 9th-grade students. These results indicate that the AGVQ is a reliable and valid measure of violence-related attitudes in young people.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Firearms , Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data , Violence/psychology , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Wounds, Gunshot/psychologySubject(s)
Sarcoidosis , Thoracic Diseases , Adult , Humans , Lymphatic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Lymphatic Diseases/pathology , Male , Radiography, Thoracic , Sarcoidosis/diagnostic imaging , Sarcoidosis/pathology , Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary/pathology , Thoracic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Diseases/pathologySubject(s)
Captopril/adverse effects , Duodenal Diseases/chemically induced , Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/chemically induced , Vasculitis/chemically induced , Adult , Captopril/therapeutic use , Duodenal Diseases/diagnosis , Duodenum/pathology , Female , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Vasculitis/diagnosisABSTRACT
A 64-year-old female presented with right digital artery emboli from biopsy-proven, angiographically typical, right brachial artery fibromuscular dysplasia (medial fibroplasia). Angiographic findings consistent with fibromuscular dysplasia were also found in the left branchial artery. The patient was treated with surgical excision of the abnormal right brachial artery segment and postoperative anticoagulation for 2 months. She remains asymptomatic at 22 months.
