ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to construct and characterize iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPCO) for intracellular delivery of the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX; IONPDOX) in order to induce tumor cell inactivation. More than 80% of the loaded drug was released from IONPDOX within 24 h (100% at 70 h). Efficient internalization of IONPDOX and IONPCO in HeLa cells occurred through pino- and endocytosis, with both IONP accumulating in a perinuclear pattern. IONPCO were biocompatible with maximum 27.9% ± 6.1% reduction in proliferation 96 h after treatment with up to 200 µg/mL IONPCO. Treatment with IONPDOX resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell proliferation (IC50 = 27.5 ± 12.0 µg/mL after 96 h) and a reduced clonogenic survival (surviving fraction, SF = 0.56 ± 0.14; versus IONPCO (SF = 1.07 ± 0.38)). Both IONP constructs were efficiently internalized and retained in the cells, and IONPDOX efficiently delivered DOX resulting in increased cell death vs IONPCO.
Subject(s)
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Cell Survival/drug effects , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Drug Delivery Systems , Endocytosis/drug effects , Magnetite Nanoparticles/administration & dosage , Biological Transport/drug effects , HeLa Cells , HumansABSTRACT
An explanation is presented for the formation of periodic structures on solid surfaces under powerful laser irradiation through an analogy to the Bénard effect.