[Inflammation of retinal vessels--own observations]. / Zapalenie naczyn siatkówki --obserwacje wlasne.

PURPOSE: Inflammation of retinal vessels occures in variety of ophthalmic and systemic conditions. In this paper we attempt to reconstruct the events that lead to retinal vessels inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have studied 30 patients (14 F, 16 M)(age 27-54 years) with retinal vessels inflammation. 25 have additionally uveitis during 2 weeks to 21 years. In 7 cases etiology was established (sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis C). All patients were evaluated with ophthalmoscopic fundus examination. In some cases fluoresceine angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained. We are looking for the systemic, parasites and demyelination disorders. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Exact etiology was recognized in 5 patients (Ealse disease, sarcoidosis, SM). In 10 patients retinal vascullitis was connected with changes in central nervous system.

[Central aleolar choroidal dystrophy in sibilings coexisting with alopecia]. / Centralna otoczkowa dystrofia naczyniówki u rodzenstwa z towarzyszacym wrodzonym brakiem wlosów.

UNLABELLED: Central areolar choroidal dystrophy is localized in macular region and is characterized by atrophy of pigment epithelium, photoreceptors and choriocapillaris. This paper presents the history of two sibilings at the age of 23 and 30, with central aleolar choroidal dystrophy coexisting with alopecia. The results of erg, eog and fluorescein angiography are presented. CONCLUSION: The results of therapy for glaucoma associated with the Sturge-Weber syndrome are often disappointing.

[Helicoidal peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration (HCPD)]. / Okolotarczowa degeneracja naczyniówki i siatkówki.

Helicoidal peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration (HCPD) is characterized by bilateral wing- shaped atrophic areas in retina, radiating from the optic disc. Two cases (women: 23 and 58 years old) of this rare degeneration are presented. No changes of eye fundus and erg, eog, visual field evaluations had been noticed during 2 years follow-up.

[Retinal vasculitis--causes, diagnosis, treatment]. / Zapalenie naczyn siatkówki--przyczyny, diagnostyka, leczenie.

Particular types of retinal vasculitis are described and discussed: primary (idiopathic) and secondary to bacterial, viral, fungal, parasite infections and retinal vasculitis coexisting with systemic disease. Symptoms depend on the size and location of the vessels involved. Retinal vasculitis is often accompanied by uveitis.

Clinical analysis of patients with pemphigoid-like ophthalmological symptoms.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was a clinical analysis of patients with symptoms typical of pemphigoid. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 21 patients were enrolled on the study within the period 1988-2004. The frequency and type of ophthalmological and extraocular symptoms and accompanying diseases were assessed. The analysis also contains immunological findings as well as administered treatment. RESULTS: Ophthalmological changes were detected in 100% of examined patients with pemphigoid. The most frequent were dry eye syndrome and conjunctivitis. Immunohistochemical tests revealed the presence of antibodies in 68.2% of the examined cases. All patients required specific treatment--local, general and surgical. Despite the administered therapy the development of cicatricial changes was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis require diagnostics into pemphigoid. Intensive therapy is necessary in patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) because of high risk of blindness. Delayed diagnostics disable immunohistochemical confirmation of disease.

[Acute, idiopathic, bilateral uveitis with periphlebitis--case report]. / Ostre, idiopatyczne, obustronne zapalenie blony naczyniowej z towarzyszacym zapaleniem okolozylnym--opis przypadku.

The purpose of this paper is to present the case of a 35 years old healthy male suffering from acute, bilateral uveitis with periphlebitis which despite broad ophthalmic and internal diagnosis remained of unknown origin. Despite anti-inflammatory treatment with acyclovir, ciprofloxacin and Encorton remission of inflammation was not achieved. Due to the failure of steroid treatment the decision of immunosuppressive therapy with Rapamycine and Endoxan was made. New therapeutic regimen caused the remission of inflammation and preserved patient's useful visual acuity.

[Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP)--diagnosis, ocular symptoms and treatment]. / Wieloogniskowe zapalenie naczyniówki i calej blony naczyniowej--diagnostyka, objawy oczne i leczenie.

Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP) belong to white dot syndromes, which are an idiopathic inflammatory process damaging the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris. We observed fourteen patients with typical ocular changes for MCP (panuveitis with typical multiple yellow, white or gray focal lesions in fundus of the eye). In 8 patients typically were observed--glaucoma, cataract, macular edema. We applied topical drops (corticosteroids, antiglaucomatous), and in 5 patients oral encorton was necessary to include.

[Optical coherence tomography in Stargardt's dystrophy]. / Choroba Stargardta w obrazie optycznej koherentnej tomografii.

Stargardt's disease is one of the central retinal dystrophies with its onset in first two decades of life presenting gradual decrease in visual acuity and typical features in fluorescein angiography. The aim of the study was to evaluate the macular area in patients with diagnosed Stargardt's disease with the use of optical coherence tomography. 11 patients (22 eyes) were enrolled to the study. OCT examination revealed characteristic similar features of macular images in all patients. They included decreased thickness of the retina, most prominent in foveola, and changes in external retinal layers: lack of photoreceptors and nuclear external layer and changes in retinal pigment epithelium. Because of typical features in macular appearance, optical coherence tomography may become a useful tool for confirming diagnosis of Stargardt's disease.

[The visual acuity impairment as the only sign of cerebral aneurysms--case report]. / Obnizenie ostrosci wzroku jako jedyny objaw tetniaków tetnic mózgowych--opis przypadku.

Cerebral aneurysms are the most common reason of subarachnoid haemorrhage at the age of 50-60. Though the results of such haemorrhage are severe (high morbidity and mortality), it is quite often, the first noticeable sign of the problem. Previous symptoms i. e. headache, ophthalmic disturbances, temporary neurological symptoms are often passed over. The authors present the case of a young woman with cerebral aneurysms, in which the visual acuity impairment was the only symptom of the disease.

[Central retinal vein occlusion in the tumor of colon and kidney--difficulties in diagnosis]. / Zakrzep zagrazajacy zyly srodkowej siatkówki w przebiegu guza jelita grubego i nerki--trudnosci diagnostyczne.

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the commonest ophthalmic diseases of vascular background following systemic disorders. The complex etiology of the disease is often responsible for difficulties in establishing diagnosis. Trousseau was the first to describe in 1865 the increased risk of venous thrombosis in cancer patients. Segev et al. published the case of bilateral CRVO and colon cancer, which was not previously recognized. Another case of a patient with early symptoms of CRVO and generalized neoplastic disease, was identified in Department of Ophthalmology of Warsaw Medical University.

[Diagnostics and pharmacological treatment of ocular cicatrical pemphigoid]. / Diagnostyka i leczenie zachowawcze ocznego pemfigoidu bliznowaciejacego.

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) is an autoimmune disease characterize by mucous membrane fibrosis and skin changes resulting with scarring. The pathogenic mechanisms of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid are incompletely understood. Antibasement membrane antibodies which lead to subepithelial blistering, granulation tissue and inflammatory infiltrate formation in the substantia propria are thought to be the main pathophysiological mechanisms in cicatricial pemphigoid. It has been found eosinophils and increased collagen type I and III. Human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR2, HLA-DR4 and DQw7 genotypes have been identified as conferring increased susceptibility to the development of this disease. Ocular cicatrical pemphigoid (OCP) is one of the forms of bullous pemphigoid. Initial symptoms of ocular pemfigoid are not characteristic. Conjunctival fibrosis may cause severe entropion, trichiasis, symblepharon, dry eye syndrome, corneal epithelial erosions or ulceration. Secondary glaucoma is one of the most frequent complications. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid may be chronic, acute, or subacute disease with periodic exacerbation of conjunctival inflammation. The treatment in this disease are topical drops or ointment (lubricants, corticosteroids, antibiotics, antiglaucomatous). Oral dapsone and corticosteroids may control the activity of the disease. In other progressive cases immunosuppressive drugs must be used (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, mycophenolan mofetil, daclizumab, intravenous immunoglobulin therapy). To make an early diagnosis of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis of conjunctiva should be performed in every case of persistent conjunctival inflammation.