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Thorax ; 69(7): 630-7, 2014 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24536057

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: A low prevalence of asthma and atopy has been shown in farmers and agricultural workers. However, in these workers, a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms has been reported, in which T helper 1 (Th1) and/or Th17 responses may play a role. AIM: We investigated the effect of exposure to dust extracts (DEs) from different farms on airway inflammation and T-cell polarisation in a mouse model and assessed T-cell polarisation in agricultural workers from the same farms. METHODS: DEs were prepared from settled dust collected at cattle and pig farms and bulb and onion industries. Mice were exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), DEs, house dust mite (HDM) or HDM+DE via nasal instillation, four times per week during 5 weeks. Hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, IgE levels and T-cell polarisation were assessed. Th-cell and T cytotoxic (Tc)-cell subsets were investigated in peripheral blood samples from 33 agricultural workers and 9 non-exposed controls. RESULTS: DEs induced interleukin(IL)-17, IL-1ß and IL-6 in mouse lung homogenates. DE-exposed mice had more mixed inflammatory infiltrates in the lungs, and more neutrophils compared with PBS-exposed mice. DEs protected against the HDM-induced Th2 response and methacholine hyperresponsiveness. Interestingly, occupationally exposed humans had higher frequencies of Th cells spontaneously expressing IL-17 and interferon γ compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Chronic exposure to different types of farm dust induces a Th/Tc-17 inflammatory response in mice and agricultural workers. This may contribute to the low prevalence of Th2-related diseases but may constitute a risk for other chronic respiratory diseases.


Subject(s)
Agriculture , Dust/immunology , Lung/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Animals , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Disease Models, Animal , Environmental Exposure , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Flow Cytometry , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Inflammation/immunology , Interleukin-17/immunology , Interleukin-1beta/immunology , Interleukin-6/immunology , Lung/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Pyroglyphidae/immunology , Th1 Cells/immunology , Th2 Cells/immunology
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