[200 years of education in veterinary medicine and veterinary activity in Czechoslovakia]. / 200 let výuky veterinárního lékarství a veterinární cinnosti v Ceskoslovenské socialistické republice.

The development of veterinary medicine in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic is evaluated on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the first lectures on veterinary science at Charles University in Prague (1784). Efforts to found a special veterinary school in Prague date back to the beginning of the 19th century; more than 20 petitions and interpellations concerning the establishment of such a school had been presented to the Bohemian Diet and the Imperial Parliament since 1841. The efforts for the establishment of this school were gradually conjoined with the national-revivalist and national-liberation movement. However, the veterinary university was established only in 1918, in Brno, when Czechoslovakia won independence. The development of veterinary medicine in the territory of today's Czechoslovakia is appreciated positively, mainly in the last 100 years. However, it was only after 1948--in the process of the transition from small-scale farming to large-scale socialist agricultural production--that all the needed practical and economic conditions were created for the development of veterinary medicine. The veterinary service was nationalized in 1951 and adequate material and technical backgrounds were built. Another veterinary university schools was introduced, and post-graduate studies and veterinary extension activities were started.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Attempt at restoring the health of pigs suffering from atrophic rhinitis]. / Pokus o ozdravení chovu prasat s výskytem sípavky.

A group of 24 sows selected from herds affected by atrophic rhinitis was subjected to the study of the therapeutic effect of the administration of wide-spectrum antibiotics combined with an improvement of the zoohygienic conditions and with full-value nutrition in the pre-partal period and during lactation. It was found that the mentioned measures in sows before parturition and their housing in a sanitized farrowing house during treatment generally improved the health of the sows and enabled the rearing of healthy piglets. The mortality rate during rearing up to the age of 28 days was 12.5%. In the control group of piglets and sows the losses amounted to 29%; the clinical symptoms of rhinitis were found in 11% of the piglets already at the age of 28 days.

[Isolation of a toxicogenic strain of the fungus, Aspergillus flavus, and characteristics of the produced aflatoxins]. / Izolace toxigenního kmene plísne Aspergillus flavus a charakteristika produkovaných aflatoxinu

The authors demonstrate the production of the B1 aflatoxin by means of a strain of the fungus Aspergillus flavus which was captured on cereal feed in spring 1975. Besides the production of the mycotoxin, this fungus strain showed a very quick and intensive growth and development, in comparison with the laboratory strains of Aspergillus flavus. The obtained and isolated aflatoxin B1 could be identified by chromatography and spectral photometry only when the fungus strain was cultivated on a suitable substrate where it showed the lowest producting of the distrubing fluorescent metabolism by-products. That finding led to the conclusion that in some cases it is necessary, besides the classically used procedure of the diagnosis of aflatoxicosis, to require also the isolation of the possibly present strain of Aspergillus flavus and--after its recultivation in pure cultures on suitable media--the determination of aflatoxin production connected with their physical and chemical identification.