ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Antioxidant enzymes protect against the rapid onset of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) by reducing oxidative stress. Genetic variations that affect activity or expression levels of the antioxidant enzymes may therefore be associated with susceptibility to DPN. We examined polymorphic markers Ala(-9)Val in SOD2 gene and Arg213Gly in SOD3 gene for possible relation to DPN in Russian type 1 diabetic patients. Four hundred Russian white patients with type 1 diabetes were studied using neurological examination according to recommendations of the San Antonio Conference on Diabetic Neuropathy. Two groups were formed from the general sample. Definition of frequency distribution of the polymorphic markers was performed in these groups using the polymerase chain reaction. Genes encoding the enzymes Mn-SOD and extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) were found to be associated with the pathogenesis of DPN.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics , Diabetic Neuropathies/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Diabetic Neuropathies/epidemiology , Genotype , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk Factors , Russia , Smoking , White PeopleABSTRACT
Two hundred and ninety patients with diabetes mellitus, type 1, aged 5 to 18, disease duration--1 to 15 years, were examined at the chair for endocrinology of children and teenagers of of the Russian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Training of the Ministry for Health of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the case study was to investigate the electromyogram (EMG) parameters in such patients with respect to the disease duration, carbon metabolism compensation, age specificity and a stage of diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy (DPP). The results primarily denote a lesion in the axons; the pronounced demyelinating process in peripheral nerves of children and teenagers with DPP is highly possible. The obtained data is suggestive of the feasibility to recommend the stimulation EMG method for a comprehensive use in the diagnostics of pre-clinical DPP stages in children and teenagers, for evaluating a severity of the damage to peripheral nerves in DPP of symptom-types forms as well as for a dynamic follow-up of patients and for treatment efficiency evaluation.
