[The status of lymphocytes from immunocompetent organs in the development of experimental tumors from 1H-NMR data]. / Sostoianie limfotsitov immunokompetentnykh organov pri razvitii éksperimental'nykh opukholei po dannym 1H-IaMR.

Thymus and lymph node lymphocytes in L-1210 ascite lymphoma, Lewis tumor, 22a hepatoma have been studied by NMR. Lymphocyte 1H-NMR spectra can to a certain extent reflect the state of immune system of an organism, in particular, they can sense both transformation of lymphocytes, and development of several tumors which are not accompanied by transformation of lymphocytes. In the latter case, changes in lymphocyte spectra takes place at terminal stages of carcinogenesis and are less pronounced than at transformation of lymphocytes. NMR spectra parameters can also distinguish between reaction of males and females to tumor formation.

[Inoculability and threshold effects in transplantation of experimental tumors]. / Privivaemost' i porogovye iavleniia pri transplantatsii éksperimental'nykh opukholei.

Inoculability of various experimental tumors (spontaneous, chemically-induced, solid, ascitic and leukemic) versus the amount of inoculated tumor cells (10(0)-10(7)) was studied. With small amounts of cells (10(2)-10(3)), inoculability of some tumors appeared to be nil, while in certain long-passaged neoplasms, particularly, leukemia, as few as 5-10 cells were enough. The data obtained pointed to a threshold in experimental tumor transplantation. However, quantitative analysis failed to establish one in the tumors under study. To assure transplantation, much larger study groups, e. g. of no less than 1500 animals for a breast cancer study, are required, which is hardly practicable.

[1H-NMR spectroscopy of the cell membranes of thymus lymphocytes in AKR mice]. / 1H-IaMR spektroskopiia kletochnykh membran limfotsitov timusa myshei AKR.

360 MHz 1H NMR was used to monitor the changes of AKR mice thymus lymphocytes in cases of spontaneous and transplantable leukemia and vincristine administration. A comparison of relative signal intensities of methyl and methylene fatty acid chains protons and phosphatidylcholine headgroups protons enables to monitor leukemia development and vincristine effect. Spin-lattice relaxation curves of the same protons of leukemic thymi lymphocytes are well fitted by biexponential functions, bringing evidence for two regions with different lipid mobility.

[Levels of labile phosphorus-containing metabolites]. / Soderzhanie labil'nykh fosforsoderzhashchikh metabolitov.

The work deals with the investigation of possible use of 31P-NMR for revealing metabolism changes in the mouse liver during the development of leukemia. This method was shown to permit observation of the extreme pattern of relative concentrations of sugar phosphate and bioorganic phosphate in the latent period. This observed increase in the metabolic activity of hepatocytes correlates with biophysical shifts found by other methods.

[Metronidazole: basic experimental results and clinical prospects]. / Metronidazol, osnovnye éksperimental'nye rezul'taty, perspektivy dlia kliniki.

The paper is concerned with the effect of metronidazole, one of the radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells. Analysis of the literature data has shown that at present metronidazole can be used to enhance the sensitivity of hypoxic cells to irradiation, chemotherapeutic drugs and as a cytotoxic agent. These effects are determined by the radiation-chemical mechanism, the toxic effect of recovery products, a decrease in the content of nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds, the suppression of cell regeneration resulting from lethal injuries. The authors' experimental results obtained in 4 murine and human tumors growing in diffusion chambers have shown that the level of radiosensitization does not depend on tumor growth rate and proliferative activity, that it depends on the type of tumors and their individual features and increases with single irradiation as compared to fractional. The degree of chemosensitization also depends, to a great extent, on a tumor type, schemes of drug administration and the type of drugs.

[Hemolytic resistance of erythrocytes in the development of experimental tumors]. / Gemoliticheskaia ustoichivost' éritrotsitov pri razvitii éksperimental'nykh opukholei.

Peculiarities of variations in the mechanical resistance of erythrocytes from mice with tumours were studied depending on the growth stage of tumours (lymphoma NK/Ly and sarcoma S-37). The accumulation of erythrocytes with the increased mechanical resistance at the stage of rapid tumour development (on the 4 to 6th days) was revealed by the kinetic method of ultrasonic haemolysis. Quantitative parameters of ultrasonic haemolytic resistance of erythrocytes from normal and tumour-bearing mice were used as criteria for the red blood cell changes depending on the cell age in blood. The increase of haemolytic resistance at the rapid stage of tumour growth may be caused by a higher number of "young" erythrocytes in blood. Ultrasonic haemolytic resistance increases when there is no changes in the erythrocyte quantity and hemoglobin concentration. The kinetic study of ultrasonic haemolysis of the erythrocytes isolated from peripheric blood permits estimating the reaction of the blood forming organs to the origin and development of tumours.

Kinetics of changes in lymphoid organ weight and the cellular composition under leukosis of the latter, inoculated with different amounts of cells.

The authors studied the kinetic pattern of weight change in lymph glands, spleen, thymus, and their cellular composition during the development of mouse reticulosarcomatosis and Shvets' leukosis when the transplant contained different numbers of tumor cells. They found that during the development of reticulosarcomatosis, the weight of lymph glands and their content of lymphocytes and plasmocytes undergo enormous changes; the weight of the spleen and its content of lymphocytes increase gradually while the kinetic curve of plasma cell changes presents two maxima. During the development of Shvets' leukosis, the weight of spleen and lymph glands and their lymphocyte content change enormously while the number of plasmocytes rises exponentially. In every case, the authors determined a definite dependence of the reaction of lymphoid organs on the size of the transplantate.

[Kinetic patterns of the development of transplantable AKR leukemia]. / Kineticheskie zakonomernosti razvitiia perevivaemogo leikoza AKR.

Under study was the kinetics of the development in primary passages of AKR leukemia transplanted by different number of cells. The indices of the leukemic process (the spleen, lymph nodes, the liver, thymus, blood leucocytes) vary with time in extreme curves. The leukemia transplantability is reduced from 100% to 24% with lessening of the transplant from 10(4) to 10(1) cells. The latent period duration and the survival of mice are linearly related to the transplanted cells number logarythm.