[Contact radiotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis]. / Kontaktnaia luchevaia terapiia revmatoidnogo artrita.

The authors have devised a method of contact radiotherapy with open radionuclides (198Au) to be used in the treatment of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Indications for therapy have been defined. In 360 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, radioactive colloid gold was administered to the affected joints. The therapeutic effect was slow in development. The best clinical results were recorded at month 12. Considerable improvement was noticed in 70% of the patients, improvement in 20%, and in 10% of the patients, no therapeutic effect could be recorded. Good effect was ascertained in patients with X-ray Stage I and II disease (70%).

[Contact radiotherapy in rheumatoid lesions of the knee joint using Au-198]. / Kontaktnaia luchevaia terapiia pri revmatoidnom porazhenii kolennikh sustavov s ispol'zovaniem 198Au.

An instrumental-calculation method of assessment of an absorbed dose of radiation in the synovial tissue of the knee joint in radionuclide therapy with 198Au using directly measured topometric parameters was used for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A group of 294 knee joint of 138 patients was considered by way of a retrospective analysis. Dosimetric indices in all cases (except stage IV arthritis) showed values which were not contrary to clinical assessment of the patients: status after therapy.

[The behavior of radioactive albumin microspheres on administration into the hepatic artery of animals]. / Povedenie radioaktivnykh mikrosfer al'bumina pri vvedenii ikh v pechenochnuiu arteriiu zhivotnykh.

A study was made of the behaviour of human serum albumin microspheres--SAM-- (USSR) during intraarterial selective infusion of them in the hepatic artery of rabbits. 125I was used as a radioactive tracing agent. Accumulation of the agent in organs and its excretion were investigated over time by radiometry in vivo and in vitro. Distribution of 125I-SAM in the liver at administration of different amounts of the radioactive drug was also investigated. A mathematical formula of calculation of the optimum amount of administered microspheres was proposed. A conclusion was made of a possibility of the use of the SAM as a carrier of short-lived radionuclides for endovascular radiotherapy of malignant hepatic tumors.

[Intralymphatic administration of open radionuclides in complex treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. / Endolimfaticheskoe vvedenie otkrytykh radionuklidov v kompleksnom lechenii revmatoidnogo artrita.

A new method was developed for the treatment of patients with rheumatic arthritis using therapeutic effect of radioactive colloid aurum in the lower limb lymphatic vessels. Altogether 50 patients with various degrees of activity and stages of disease were treated. A positive therapeutic effect was observed in 84%. The method of endolymphatic radiotherapy with radioactive colloid aurum made it possible to give up cytostatic and glucocorticoid therapy and to reduce a dosage of nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs.

[The behavior of 125I microspheres of serum albumin in the body of rabbits administered the preparation selectively into the renal artery]. / Povedenie 125I-mikrosfer syvorotochnogo al'bumina v organizme krolikovv pri selektivnom vvedenii preparata v pochechnuiu arteriiu.

Intraarterial selective injection of serum albumin microspheres into the kidney resulted in embolization of the vessels with microspheres of different sizes. In vivo radiometry made it possible to improve the localization of microspheres and their distribution in the animals' bodies at varying time of observation. Pathomorphological investigations showed optimum sizes of microspheres causing prolonged retention of microparticles at the site of injection without considerable morphological changes of body tissues. The method of using microspheres as a radionuclide carrier was shown to hold promise for therapeutic purposes.

[Radiosynoviorthese in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. / Radiosinoviiortez v lechenii bol'nykh revmatoidnym artritom.

Radiosynoviorthese, a new method for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, was developed. Altogether 260 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated. The therapeutic activity of radioactive colloid Au was administered intra-articularly to all the patients. Indications and contraindications for radiation therapy of rheumatoid arthritis were developed. Good short- and long-term results were noted in most of the patients after radiation therapy. Radiosynoviorthese as a method of local active therapy of affected joints with colloid Au in the multiple modality treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is effective; its prolonged stable therapeutic effect in patients is observed.

[Development of the method of ultrasound topometry of the thyroid gland and computer programs in the planning of radioactive iodine therapy]. / Razrabotka metoda ul'trazvukovoi topometrii shchitovidnoi zhelezy i ego vychislitel'no-programmnogo obespecheniia dlia planirovaniia terapii radioaktivnym iodom.

The paper is concerned with the problem of stereological volumenometry applied to the problems of ultrasound topometry of the thyroid. The organ surfaces are tightened on the basis of information obtained from echotomographic films using a method of cubic spline-interpolation, parametric function setting and methods of computer graphics. Images of sections can be obtained with an arbitrary step and an angle of inclination to the organ longitudinal axis. The main sources of errors of the method were estimated, and their numeric values were given.

[Technical methodologic aspects of clinical dosimetry in radionuclide therapy]. / Tekhniko-metodicheskie aspekty klinicheskoi dozimetrii pri radionuklidnoi terapii.

The paper is devoted to the solution of problems related to clinical dosimetry in radiation therapy with open radionuclides, i.e. technical methodological problems of measurement of an absorbed therapeutic dose of radiation in targets in volume distribution of a radionuclide. The developed methods and means of measurement include a large activity radiometer for measuring therapeutic and diagnostic activities, a topometric ultrasound unit (Aloka) and software. The main features of the method were illustrated on a clinical example of the assessment of an absorbed therapeutic dose of 131I radiation in thyroid tissue during therapy of patients with thyrotoxicosis. The accuracy of the method was assessed.

[Ultrasonic scanning in the diagnosis of rheumatoid lesions of the knee joints]. / Ul'trazvukovoe skanirovanie v diagnostike revmatoidnogo porazheniia kolennykh sustavov.

A total of 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined. On the basis of ultrasound scanning of the knee joints 2 groups of patients were identified: with the prevalence of exudative-proliferative processes and with proliferative-sclerotic changes. Color coding of images was performed using a UAR-1 unit. A high informative value of ultrasound investigation was shown.

[Radioisotope synovectomy in multi-modality treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. / Radioizotopnaia sinovéktomiia v kompleknom lechenii revmatoidnogo artrita.

The colloid solution of radioactive gold 198 was administered to 91 knee joints of 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a dose of 5-7 mCu. The patients were examined before and 6-12 months after radionuclide synovectomy. The treatment turned out effective in 35% of the cases, while in 19% of the cases, the effect was assessed as beneficial, and in 16% as satisfactory. The treatment efficacy decreased with age and disease standing. Three groups of the joints were distinguished in relation to the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation. In group I, this parameter constituted less than 80 Gy, in group II, from 80 to 100 Gy, and in group III, over 100 Gy. The efficacy of the different absorbed doses was assessed by the double blind method. In group I, the increase of the absorbed dose to over 100 Gy maintained 25%, and in group III, in 72% of the cases. Therefore, the increase of the absorbed dose to over 100 Gy maintained a significant (p less than 0.01) rise of the treatment efficacy.

[Hemostatic homeostasis following radio-synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis]. / Gemostaticheskii gomeostaz posle "radiosinovéktomii" pri revmatoidnom artrite.

Platelet functional activity, plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis were studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) against a background of various therapeutic modalities. Therapy with non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents resulted in an increase in platelet and plasma coagulating activity and inhibition of fibrinolysis. An insignificant rise of disaggregation of platelet aggregates was noted 2 weeks after intraarticular administration of 198Au against a background of therapy with non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents. Mydocalm incorporated in a dose of 1-2 mg/kg in the therapeutic scheme did not change significantly blood coagulation indices.