[Changes in the myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase activities in human peripheral blood neutrophils with the cells stimulated in vitro]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti mieloperoksidazy i kisloi fosfatazy v neitrofilakh perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka pri stimuliatsii kletok in vitro.

In four series of experiments human peripheral blood neutrophils were found capable of synthetizing the active forms of such enzymes as myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase after stimulation with opsonized zymosan, and the optimum conditions for testing the synthetizing activity of neutrophils were established. The examination of 39 practically healthy donors revealed an approximate equilibrium between the synthesis of the active forms of the enzyme and its excretion from the cell after this cell was activated. Considerable changes in the enzymatic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils were found in patients with yersiniosis, chronic herpes, chronic bronchitis and AIDS-associated complex. The possibility of a deficient enzymatic activity in some patients was suggested.

[Enzyme indicator of the immunobiologic activity of antigens]. / Fermentnyi pokazatel' immunobiologicheskoi aktivnosti antigenov.

The test-system has been elaborated for the determination of the ability of different antigens in the cultures of the mouse peritoneal macrophages. Measuring an intracellular acid phosphatase activity, reflecting the extent of the cell activation, was taken as a principle of this test-system. With the help of this test-system ability of a few antigens (lipopolysaccharide, polysaccharide, glycoprotein, protein and low molecular weight substances--peptide and glycopeptide) have been studied. It is testified that above mentioned antigens possessed different effects on the acid phosphatase activity.

[Elastase and acid phosphatase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during chronic bronchitis]. / Aktivnost' élastazy i kisloi fosfatazy v bronkhoal'veoliarnom smyve pri khronicheskom bronkhite.

The dynamics of acid phosphatase and granulocytic elastase activities in bronchoalveolar washings of 40 patients with chronic catarrhal bronchitis was studied. In case of effective cure, the activities of these enzymes were increased shortly on the 10-13 days from beginning of the cure. In order to study the nature of this enzymes, the additional researches were conducted. These researches demonstrated that the macrophages were the source of the acid phosphatase, and the neutrophils--elastase. The transitory increase of the activity of both enzymes is favourable prognostical sign of disease's course.

[The rapid diagnosis of chronic nonspecific lung diseases]. / Ekspress-diagnostika khronicheskikh nespetsificheskikh zabolevanii legkikh.

Rapid methods for the detection of viral antigens and immunoglobulins in nasal and bronchial washings from patients with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases (CNPD) are described. These methods are based on viral antigen and immunoglobulin agglutination with cellulose particles sensitized with specific sera and gamma-globulin fractions. The investigation takes just 3-5 min. Respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, immunoglobulins G and M, and immunoglobulin A in low levels are detectable with the use of the described methods. Studies carried out over the course of treatment helped detect low titers of viral antigens and IgG and IgM and a high titer of IgA.

[Immunologic assessment of preparations of the RS virus at the stages of its purification and concentration]. / Immunologicheskaia otsenka preparatov RS-virusa na étapakh ego ochistki i kontsentratsii.

The work demonstrates the immunogenic potency of some preparations of RS virus, differing in the degree of their purification and introduced by multiple intranasal administration. The immunogenic potency of these preparations was manifested by the synthesis of antibodies determined in the coagglutination test (the specificity of these antibodies was confirmed in the reaction of the neutralization of RS virus), as well as by sensitization determined in the leukocyte migration inhibition test. Immunization with concentrated virus was more effective than immunization with the preparation of virion fraction. The intranasal administration of live RS virus to mice induced the appearance of a morphologically determined disease which was not prevented by the development of immune response accompanying the disease. The conclusion was made that further improvement in the system of testing the preparations of RS virus was necessary.

[A stat-method of determining respiratory syncytial virus]. / Ekspress-metod opredeleniia respiratorno-sintsitial'nogo virusa.

For rapid detection of RS virus we have modified agglutination test with staphylococcus coated with RSV-antibody which allows the virus titer to be determined within 3-5 min. The results of RS virus titration in the yield compared with those obtained by CFT and CPE tests showed our modified test to be twice as specific and sensitive (60-80 ng/ml). This modification of the coagglutination test with sensitized staphylococcus and the method of running the test on a row of slides may be used in virological and serological laboratories as well as in infectious hospitals and outpatient wards.

[Acid hydrolase activity of the blood in immunodepression]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti kislykh gidrolaz syvorotki krovi pri immunodepressii.

Immunosuppressants reduce the activity of acid RNase and acid phosphatase in the blood serum of mice and patients with kidney allografts. In reversible graft rejection crises, the activity of both enzymes ascends in the period preceding the crisis or at its height. However, following intensive immunosuppressive therapy it drops again. In irreversible crises, the activity of acid hydrolases goes on ascending in spite of immunosuppression intensification. The time course of the activity of these enzymes correlates with changes in "active" and "total" T-rosette-forming cells.

[Change in acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity in mouse lymphocytes induced by concanavalin A]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti kisloi fosfatazy i N-atsetil-beta-gliukozaminidazy v myshinykh limfotsitakh pod deistviem konkanavalina A.

The treatment with concanavalin A (5 micrograms/ml) of mouse lymphocytes containing 70-72% of T cells entails an increase in the activity of acid phosphatase and a decrease in the activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. These changes were detectable 15 h after lymphocyte incubation with Con A. After 24 h of incubation acid phosphatase activity rose 2-fold whereas that of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase dropped 45-50%. Possible mechanisms of these changes are discussed.

[Biological activity of calf spleen extracts containing a DNAase I inhibitor during irradiation]. / Issledovanie biologicheskoi aktivnosti selezenochnykh ékstraktov teliat, soderzhashchikh ingibitor DNKazy I, pri obluchenii.

The purified calf spleen extract (I fraction CM-cellulose), possessing a highly active natural inhibitor of DNAase I, increases the survival rate of gamma-irradiated animals as opposed to irradiated controls. A possible role of DNAase I inhibitor in the radioprotective effect is discussed.

[Study of the biological activity of spleen extracts containing inhibitor of DNA-ase I]. / Izuchenie biologicheskoi aktivnosti selezenochnykh ékstraktov, soderzhashchikh ingibitor DNK-azy I.

Fractions of calf spleen extracts possessing the increased potency to inhibit the activity of DNase 1 were obtained by chromatography on columns with Sephadex G-200 and CM-cellulose. The fractions containing the most powerful inhibitor of DNase 1 increased the survival rate of sublethally irradiated mice and hamsters. A possible role of the DNase 1 inhibitor in cure effects is discussed.

[DNA-ase I activity in the DNA-ase I-inhibitor system]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti DNK-azy I v sisteme DNK-aza I-ingibitor.

An increase in the DNase I activity was revealed in the serum of mice after intraperitoneal injection of different antigens. This reaction is related to the antigen nature and is dissimilar in mice of different strains. The increased activity of the inhibitor in the spleen of DBA/2 and BALB/c mice was discovered after intravenous injection of bovine DNase I. A potential role of serum DNase I in the system DNase I-inhibitor is discussed.

[Lysosomal hydrolase activity during development of experimental leukemia]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti lizosomal'nykh gidrolaz pri razvitii éksperimental'nogo leikoza.

Activity of the lysosomal hydrolases DNAase II, acid RNAase and acid phosphatase was studied in the mouse liver and spleen under developing Friend's viral leukemia. The activity of DNAase II in the liver was considerably increased from the 12th day after inoculation of virus-containing material and reached the maximum by the 20th day of the experiment. The activity of acid phosphatase was changed insignificantly while that of acid RNAase showed no deviations from the control level. A possible role of the lysosomal hydrolases in leukemia development is discussed.

[Change in the activity of DNAse I inhibitor in the mouse spleen on the administration of a synthetic polyanion]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti ingibitora DNK-azy I v selezenke myshei pri vvedenii sinteticheskogo polianiona.

Synthetic polyanion pyran (copolimer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride) injected to mice increases the titre of antibody to sheep red blood cells as well as the activity of serum DNAase I and DNAase I splenic inhibitor. Simultaneously a growth of the spleen weight takes place. A possible role of the DNAase I inhibitor system in the mechanism of the adjuvant action of synthetic polyanion is discussed.

[Possible role of DNAse I in the development of experimental leukemia]. / O vozmozhnoi roli DNK-azy I v razvitii éksperimental'nogo leikoza.

An increase in the DNAase 1 activity in the serum and an increase in the DNAase inhibitor activity in the spleen in the development of virus Friend leukemia were demonstrated. Increased activity of the inhibitor in the spleen was also revealed after intravenous injection of exogenous DNAase 1 into mice. A potential role of serum DNAase 1 in the development of experimental leukemia is discussed.

[Increases in the activity of lysosomal DNAase in mouse liver during the development of Friend's viral leukemia]. / Uvelichenie aktivnosti lizosomal'noi DNKazy v pecheni myshei pri razvitil virusnogo leikoza Frend.

A developing Friend's viral leukemia is accompanied by a 2,0--2,5-fold increase in the activity of lysosomal DNAse (DNAse II) in mouse liver as compared to normal. The increase in activity is observed on the 10--12th day after inoculation of virus-containing material and reaches its maximum on the 20th post-inoculation day. The increase in DNAse II activity is due to activation of the lysosomal system of Kupffer's and endothelial cells of the liver. The activity of mitochondrial DNAse (DNAse I) in the livers of leukemic mice showed no deviations from the normal level. A possible role of DNAse II in the protective response of the organism is discussed.

[Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on transformation of B. subtilis in vitro]. / Vliianie dimetilsul'foksida na transformatsiiu B. subtilis in vitro.

Bacillus subtilis transformation was conducted in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide and polyethyleneglycol. B. subtilis transformation was most frequent under the effect of 0.1% dimethylsulfoxide and was not altered significantly by polyethyleneglycol. As suggested, an increase of the transformation frequency was associated with the change of the membrane permeability under the influence of dimethylsulfoxide of with the altered activity of the membrane DNase.

[Inhibition of DNAse I activity in vivo]. / Ingibirovanie aktivnosti DNKazy I v opytakh in vivo.

Immune gamma-globulins containing antibodies to bovine DNAse I inhibit activities of bovine and mouse DNAse I both in vitro and in vivo. Bovine DNAse I was used as exogenous DNAse I in the in vivo studies and was injected to mice intraperitoneally in combination with gamma-globulins. The serous fluid of mice was used as a source of endogenous DNAse I. Both in in vitro and in vivo studies immune gamma-globulins caused a practically complete inhibition of bovine DNAse I activity, whereas the activity of mouse DNAse I (endogenous) was inhibited by 60-80%. Nonimmune gamma-globulins had no inhibitory effects whatsoever.

[Conduct of Bacillus subtilis transformation in mice under conditions of immunologic suppression of exogenous DNAase 1 activity]. / Provedenie transformatsii Bacillus subtilis v organizme myshei v usloviiakh immunologicheskogo podavleniia aktivnosti ékzogennoi DNK-azy 1.

Bacillus subtilis transformation was conducted in the abdominal cavity of mice. The frequency of transformation was considerable decreased when bovine DNA-ase 1 (3-- 5microgram) was injected intraperitoneally to these animals. Immune rabbit gamma-globulins containing antibodies to bovine DNA-ase 1 inhibited in vivo the activity of DNA-ase 1, protected transforming DNA from the hydrolyzing effect of this enzyme. This model can be utilized in search for ways to preserve DNA injected into the animal organism for the purpose of genetical engineering.