ABSTRACT
In 1974, the USSR launched the biosatellite Cosmos-690 equipped with a gamma-irradiation unit that carried 35 rats. On the 10th flight day, the rats were exposed to radiation at doses of 220 or 800 rads. During the subsequent 10 d, radiation injury developed in a space environment. Similar ground-based experiments were carried out to simulate space flight environment effects. The results obtained were studied on a comparative basis. The conclusion is made that effects of a short-term space flight, as long as 20 d, do not essentially modify the radiobiological effect.
Subject(s)
Gamma Rays , Radiation Injuries, Experimental/etiology , Radiation, Ionizing , Space Flight , Animals , Bone Marrow/radiation effects , Cornea/radiation effects , Hematologic Diseases/blood , Hematologic Diseases/etiology , Hematopoiesis/radiation effects , Liver/radiation effects , Male , Rats , Testis/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Preliminary results of the radiobiological experiments carried out on the biosatellite Cosmos 690 with a radiation exposure unit on board are presented. The duration of the satellite flight was 20.5 days. On the tenth day of the flight 35 rats were exposed on board the satellite to 220 or 800 rads of gamma radiation. Comparison of data obtained in test and control groups of animals has shown that under the influence of space flight factors a somewhat more severe radiation injury develops than in on-ground conditions.
Subject(s)
Epithelium, Corneal/radiation effects , Leukocytes/radiation effects , Radiation Tolerance , Space Flight , Weightlessness , Animals , Body Weight/radiation effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/radiation effects , Organ Size/radiation effects , Radiation Dosage , Rats , Relative Biological Effectiveness , Spleen/radiation effects , Thymus Gland/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Radiobiological studies have been carried out on board the Cosmos 368 satellite, launched on 8 October 1970 and returning to earth on 14 October 1970. Yeast diploid cells Saccharomyces ellipsoides, Megri strain 139-B, haploid cells Zygosaccharomyces Baili, hydrogen bacteria Hydrogenomonas eutropha, strain Z-1, Berlin variety lettuce seeds and Capital variety pea seeds were used in these experiments. The biological specimens were irradiated with gamma-rays at dose rates of 71.8 and 6.7 rad d-1 suring the packaging of containers and after returning the samples to the laboratory. It was found that both on pre-radiation and post-radiation exposure space flight factors did not greatly influence radiobiological effects.
