ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of dihydromyricetin (DHM) on the migration and invasion of human gastric cancer MKN45 cells and its mechanism and provide experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). METHODS: MKN45 cells were pre-treated with DHM (0,10,20,30,40,50 µmol/L) for 24 and 48 hours respectively. Cell viability treated with different concentrations of DHM was detected by Cell Counting kit (CCK-8) assay, cell migration was measured by wound healing assay, and cell invasion was tested by Transwell assay. Cells were pre-treated with DHM or co-treated with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway inhibitor SP600125, then, the levels of migration- and invasion-related proteins were tested by Western blot. RESULTS: DHM concentration-dependently inhibited cell migration and invasion and downregulated matrix metalloprotein -2 (MMP-2) and phosphorylated JNK (pJNK) expression in MKN45 cells, followed by upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of Vimentin. Co-treatment with DHM and JNK inhibitor SP600125 further suppressed MMP-2 expression and cell invasion in MKN45 cells, suggesting that DHM inhibited MKN45 cells metastasis through JNK/MMP-2 pathway. CONCLUSION: DHM can inhibit cell migration and invasion in human gastric cancer MKN45 cells through downregulating MMP-2 expression via JNK signaling pathway and reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), implying that DHM could have the potential to serve as an anti-metastatic agent for treating gastric cancer.
Subject(s)
Flavonols , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Stomach Neoplasms , Cadherins/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/drug effects , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects , Flavonols/pharmacology , Gene Expression Regulation , Humans , Vimentin/geneticsABSTRACT
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic lesion of central nervous system (CNS) with only a limited number of restorative therapeutic options. Diosgenin glucoside (DG), a major bioactive ingredient of Trillium tschonoskii Max., possesses neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic functions. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic benefit and underlying mechanisms of DG treatment in SCI. We found that in Sprague-Dawley rats with traumatic SCI, the expressions of autophagy marker Light Chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 were decreased with concomitant accumulation of autophagy substrate protein p62 and ubiquitinated proteins, indicating an impaired autophagic activity. DG treatment, however, significantly attenuated p62 expression and upregulated the Rheb/mTOR signaling pathway (evidenced as Ras homolog enriched in brain) due to the downregulation of miR-155-3p. We also observed significantly less tissue injury and edema in the DG-treated group, leading to appreciable functional recovery compared to that of the control group. Overall, the observed neuroprotection afforded by DG treatment warrants further investigation on its therapeutic potential in SCI.
