ABSTRACT
Laelaspis loeckii Duarte Moreira sp. nov. is described based on the morphology of adult females and males collected from soil in a survey carried out in southern Brazil, in the temperate Pampa biome. This is the first species of this genus described from this country. A key to the species that have so far been reported from the Western Hemisphere is provided.
Subject(s)
Mites , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animals , Brazil , Ecosystem , Female , Male , SoilABSTRACT
Lycoriella species (Sciaridae) are responsible for significant economic losses in greenhouse production (e.g., mushrooms, strawberries, and nurseries). The current distributions of species in the genus are restricted to cold-climate countries. Three species of Lycoriella are of particular economic concern in view of their ability to invade areas in countries across the Northern Hemisphere. We used ecological niche models to determine the potential for range expansion under future climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) in the distribution of these three species of Lycoriella. Stable environmental suitability under climate change was a dominant theme in these species; however, potential range increases were noted in key countries (e.g., USA, Brazil, and China). Our results illustrate the potential for range expansion in these species in the Southern Hemisphere, including some of the highest greenhouse production areas in the world.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The diversity of edaphic mites in Brazilian natural environments is little known, especially in the Pampa biome, in southern region of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and abundance of edaphic fauna of mesostigmatid mites in a region of the Pampa biome of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Soil samples were collected in the municipality of Aceguá, in 2012 and 2013. Mites were extracted using Berlese-Tullgren modified funnels. In total, 1900 mesostigmatid mites were collected, representing 44 species from 23 genera and 10 families. The most abundant families were Rhodacaridae, Ologamasidae and Laelapidae, with respectively 903, 578 and 214 specimens, corresponding respectively to 47.5, 30.4 and 11.3% of the Mesostigmata collected. Laelapidae was the most diverse family, being represented by 22 species. The remaining families were each represented by 1-5 species. Gaeolaelaps (Laelapidae) was the most diverse genus, with 14 species. Rhodacaridae was represented by a single species, Binodacarus aceguaensis Duarte, Castilho, Cunha & Moraes, representing 47.5% of the mesostigmatids. Ologamasidae was represented by four species, with Neogamasellevans sp. corresponding to the second most abundant species, representing 27.5% of the mesostigmatids. Further analysis of the data, in terms of mite identification to species level and the potential use of the mites collected for applied biological control are needed.
RESUMO: A diversidade de ácaros edáficos em ambientes naturais brasileiros é pouco conhecida, especialmente no bioma Pampa na região sul do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade e abundância da fauna edáfica de ácaros mesostigmatídeos no bioma Pampa, do sul do Brasil. Coletas de solo foram realizadas no município de Aceguá, em 2012 e 2013. Ácaros foram extraídos das amostras com o uso de funis de Berlese-Tullgren modificados. No total, 1900 ácaros mesostigmatídeos foram coletados, representando 44 espécies de 23 gêneros de 10 famílias. As famílias mais abundantes foram Rhodacaridae, Ologamasidae e Laelapidae, nesta ordem, com 903, 578 e 214 espécimes, correspondendo respectivamente a 47,5, 30,4 e 11,3% dos mesostigmatídeos coletados. Laelapidae foi a família mais diversa, sendo representada por 22 espécies. O restante das famílias foi representado por 1 - 5 espécies. Gaeolaelaps (Laelapidae) foi o gênero mais diverso, com 14 espécies. Rhodacaridae foi representada por uma única espécie, Binodacarus aceguaensis Duarte, Castilho, Cunha & Moraes, correspondendo a 47,5% dos mesostigmatídeos. Ologamasidae foi representado por quatro espécies, com Neogamasellevans sp. correspondendo a segunda espécie mais abundante, representando 27,5% dos mesostigmatídeos encontrados. Mais estudos são necessários para a identificação destes ácaros a nível de espécie, bem como para avaliar o potencial de uso destes no controle biológico aplicado.
