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1.
J Subst Abuse Treat ; 21(4): 199-206, 2001 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11777669

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated self-reported exercise behaviors and exercise-related attitudes in a sample (N = 105) of adults in treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUD) (abuse or dependence). Slightly less than half (47%) of participants reported engaging in regular physical exercise (3 times per week or more). Level of alcohol dependence was not significantly associated with level of physical exercise activity. Level of nicotine dependence was significantly and negatively associated with physical activity level. Nicotine dependence and level of depressive symptoms were both significantly negatively associated with self-efficacy for physical exercise (SPE). Exercise self-efficacy mediated the relationship between nicotine dependence and physical activity level. Tension and stress reduction were among the most strongly endorsed of the perceived benefits of physical activity. Other perceived benefits included more positive outlook and increased self-esteem. Financial costs associated with exercise, lack of motivation, and time constraints were among the most common perceived barriers to exercise in this sample. Together, these preliminary data indicate that exercise-based interventions are may be well-received by those early in recovery from AUDs.


Subject(s)
Alcohol-Related Disorders/therapy , Attitude , Exercise/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Alcohol-Related Disorders/psychology , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Compliance/psychology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Rhode Island , Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
2.
Am J Psychiatry ; 155(2): 220-5, 1998 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9464201

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the theoretical and clinical role of depression among cocaine abusers in treatment. METHOD: Eighty-nine cocaine-abusing patients underwent 2 weeks of substance abuse treatment. Posttreatment major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms before and after substance abuse treatment, and alcohol diagnoses were assessed and their relation to pretreatment substance use, cravings in high-risk situations, and 3-month follow-up status was examined. RESULTS: High rates of major depressive disorder were found but were unrelated to pretreatment substance use. The decrease in depressive symptoms during treatment was independent of major depressive disorder or alcohol diagnoses and predicted treatment attrition. Higher levels of depressive symptoms during treatment were associated with greater urge to use cocaine, alcohol, and other drugs in high-risk situations. Concurrent major depressive disorder and depressive symptoms did not predict cocaine use at follow-up. However, patients who had an alcohol relapse episode experienced more depressive symptoms during treatment than did those who abstained. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the relationship of depression to alcohol use among cocaine abusers and suggest a need for further studies of the association between depression and substance use disorders.


Subject(s)
Alcoholism/epidemiology , Cocaine-Related Disorders/therapy , Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Alcoholism/diagnosis , Analysis of Variance , Cocaine-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Depression/diagnosis , Depression/epidemiology , Depressive Disorder/diagnosis , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Recurrence , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index , Substance Abuse Treatment Centers , Treatment Outcome
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