ABSTRACT
The deposition of amyloid-ß (Aß) in the brain is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, new strategies for the stimulation of Aß clearance from the brain can be useful in preventing AD. Transcranial photostimulation (PS) is considered a promising method for AD therapy. In our previous studies, we clearly demonstrated the PS-mediated stimulation of lymphatic clearing functions, including Aß removal from the brain. There is increasing evidence that sleep plays an important role in Aß clearance. Here, we tested our hypothesis that PS at night can stimulate Aß clearance from the brain more effectively than PS during the day. Our results on healthy mice show that Aß clearance from the brain occurs faster at night than during wakefulness. The PS course at night improves memory and reduces Aß accumulation in the brain of AD mice more effectively than the PS course during the day. Our results suggest that night PS is a more promising candidate as an effective method in preventing AD than daytime PS. These data are an important informative platform for the development of new noninvasive and nonpharmacological technologies for AD therapy as well as for preventing Aß accumulation in the brain of people with disorder of Aß metabolism, sleep deficit, elderly age, and jet lag.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/prevention & control , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Brain/radiation effects , Light , Animals , Electroencephalography , Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism , Lymph/metabolism , Male , Memory/radiation effects , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Sleep Stages/physiology , Sleep Stages/radiation effects , Wakefulness/physiology , Wakefulness/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Crystals of the bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene (BETS) radical cation salt with dicyanamidomanganate(II) anion, kappa-(BETS)2Mn[N(CN)2]3, were synthesized, which combine conducting and magnetic properties at ambient pressure and are superconducting (Tc approximately/= 5 K) at a moderate pressure of 0.3 kbar.
