Identification of non-volatile compounds that impact consumer liking of strawberry preserves: Untargeted LC-MS analysis.

Non-volatile compounds that impact the acceptability of strawberry preserves were investigated by untargeted LC-MS flavoromics analysis. Chemical profiles for fifteen strawberry preserves were modeled against consumer liking scores by orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) with good fit (R2Y = 0.995) and predictive ability (Q2 = 0.918). Four chemical compounds predictive of acceptability were identified, by accurate MS and NMR, as secoisolariciresinol monoglucoside, (+)-isolariciresinol monoglucoside, 1-hexanoyl-phloroglucinol-2-O-ß-d-glucoside, and the novel compound decanoic acid-4-O-ß-d-glucoside. Sensory recombination testing of preserve samples with added levels of the four predictive LC-MS compounds indicated perceivable sensory changes in the flavor profile. Female consumers significantly preferred the recombination preserve with added levels of both predictive GC-MS and LC-MS compounds as compared to the control preserve, demonstrating the applicability of the approach for understanding product liking.

Identification of volatile compounds correlated with consumer acceptability of strawberry preserves: Untargeted GC-MS analysis.

Volatile compounds that impact the acceptability of strawberry preserves were investigated by untargeted GC-MS flavoromics analysis. Chemical profiles for fifteen strawberry preserves were modeled against consumer liking scores by orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) with good fit (R2Y = 0.998) and predictive ability (Q2 = 0.853). Ten highly predictive compounds were selected, nine of which were identified, and eight of which were quantified using tandem mass spectrometry. Sensory recombination difference testing revealed that the addition of predictive compounds to an average-liked preserve at levels found in the most-liked preserve induced a perceptible difference to frequent consumers of strawberry jams. One of the highly predictive compounds was identified (MS and synthesis) as a novel linalool oxide product 2-methyl-2-vinyl-tetrahydrofuran with a fruity, herbal-minty, piney aroma and a low odor threshold value.

A survey of cannabinoids and toxic elements in hemp-derived products from the United States marketplace.

The 2018 Agricultural Improvement Act removed hemp from Schedule I control, creating a market for hemp products, including cannabidiol-containing products. Due to the market's rapid growth, little is known about the presence and concentration of cannabinoids in commercial products. Herein, 11 cannabinoids were quantified using liquid chromatography with diode-array detection in a non-representative sampling of 147 products labeled as containing hemp or cannabidiol. A subset of 133 products were analyzed for toxic elements using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Cannabinoid content ranged from < LOD - 143 mg/serving, with a median of 16.7 mg/serving. Fewer than half of products surveyed contained cannabidiol concentrations within 20 % of their label declarations. The estimated exposure to lead was below the Interim Reference Level of 12.5 µg/day Pb for women of childbearing age, and most products presented concentrations of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol below LOQ. These findings emphasize the need for further testing and representative investigation of the cannabidiol marketplace.