ABSTRACT
Thirteen new compounds including caffeoyl-glucaric and p-coumaroyl-altraric acid derivatives, one monoterpenoid glucoside, four secoiridoid glycosides, and three hydroxycinnamoyl phenylpropanoid glycosides esterified with an oleoside 11-methyl ester along with fifteen known compounds were isolated from flowers of Syringa vulgaris L. (Oleaceae). Their structures were elucidated by high-resolution spectroscopic methods. The tested compounds were able to decrease the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, oleoechinacoside (13), demethylhydroxyoleonuezhenide (14), demethyloleonuezhenide (15), syringaoleoacteoside (25) and oleoacteoside (26) at the concentration of 50µM, moderately suppressed the LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory chemokine IL-8 and TNF-α from human neutrophils. Moreover, oleonuezhenide (12), oleoside 11-methyl ester (16) and oleoacteoside (26) at the concentration of 50µM were able to induce the surface expression of interleukin 10 receptor, which is suppressed by the incubation of monocyte/macrophage cells with LPS.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Flowers/chemistry , Iridoid Glycosides/pharmacology , Neutrophils/drug effects , Syringa/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Cells, Cultured , Glucosides/isolation & purification , Glucosides/pharmacology , Glycosides , Humans , Interleukin-8/metabolism , Iridoid Glycosides/isolation & purification , Macrophages/drug effects , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Receptors, Interleukin-10/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
25 patients with hyperparathyroidism resulting from multiglandular hyperplasia were studied prior to cervical exploration. 43% of abnormal glands were correctly localized by preoperative thallium-technetium scintigraphy. In the 11 patients who underwent three-dimensional scanning, all glands already identified by scintigraphy were also localized in a third plane. In one patient an additional gland, not detected by the conventional scan, was visible.