Changes in insulin-like growth factor I, 17-b-estradiol, and progesterone in postmenopausal women with benign and malignant ovarian tumours.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this research was to observe changes in IGF-I and steroid hormones in postmenopausal women with benign and malignant ovarian tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), 17-b-estradiol and progesterone were examined by radioimmunological assay in three groups of postmenopausal women: patients with malignant ovarian tumors, patients with benign ovarian tumors, and healthy women. In all three groups the age and body mass index (BMI) were comparable. RESULTS: The concentrations of IGF-I in the serum of the patients with malignant cancer were significantly lower. The concentrations of estradiol were significantly higher in the patients with both benign and malignant ovarian tumors as compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased IGF-I concentration in the serum of postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors may suggest that the tumor is malignant.

Function of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and its binding protein (IGFBP-1) in pathological proliferation of endometrium.

The purpose of this project was the investigation of insulin, IGF-I and IGFBP-1 concentrations in the serum of patients with pathological changes in endometrium. IGF-I and its binding protein (IGFBP-1) stimulate cell growth and differentiation of the normal and neoplastic endometrium. The mean values of IGF-I concentrations in the group of patients with atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma were significantly higher than in the control group with normal endometrium. Significantly higher IGFBP-1 concentrations were found in the serum of patients with the atypical hyperplasia of endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. The correlation between insulin concentration and changes in endometrium in the examined groups was not found.

[The influence of demographic and behavioral factors on the risk of human papillomavirus infection]. / Ocena wplywu wybranych czynników demograficznych i srodowiskowych na ryzyko wystapienia infekcji wirusami brodawczaka ludzkiego.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work was the assessment of correlation between different types of HPV and chosen factors: the number of pregnancies, childbirths and smoking habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were examined in the Gynaecology Clinic, Silesian Medical Academy in Zabrze from 1998 until 2000. They were either hospital patients or women subjected to routine cytological examination. The smears were simultaneously collected for both cytooncologic examination and PCR identification of HPV viruses. Cytological smears were classified according to the Bethesda system. RESULTS: A relationship between the presence of HPV and number of pregnancies or childbirths was confirmed as well as the relationship between smoking and the presence of HPV genome. The higher number of pregnancies or childbirths the higher frequency of HPV presence is. HPV presence was more frequent in the group of smoking women. CONCLUSIONS: A relationship between the presence of HPV and the number of past childbirth or pregnancies was found. The statistically significant correlation between smoking and the risk of HPV infection was also confirmed.

[Chromosome instability in women with genital organs carcinoma]. / Niestabilnosc chromosomowa kobiet z choroba nowotworowa narzadu rodnego.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current work was the assessment of the mutagen susceptibility of chromosomes of patients with carcinomas in comparison to healthy volunteers. It was interesting whether the bleomycin assay can be useful for searching for more susceptible to cancer disease individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 4 groups of patients analysed: controls and three test groups (patients with uterine cervix carcinoma, endometrium carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma). In total 108 female patients were examined by use of bleomycin assay. Lymphocytes were cultured in vitro and treated with bleomycin. The b/c (breaks per cell) index was evaluated by use of light microscopy. RESULTS: Statistically significant increased test values were found in patients with uterine cervix carcinoma, endometrium carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of chromosome instability could be a useful prognostic test in the diagnosis of carcinoma of female genital organs. The bleomycin assay is useful for searching subpopulations with higher chromosome instability and more susceptible to cancer disease.

[Diagnostic procedures of pathological bleeding in women population: comparison of hysteroscopy, ultrasonography and microscopic examination endometrium]. / Diagnostyka nieprawidlowych krwawien z dróg rodnych u kobiet: porównanie badan histeroskopowych, ultrasonograficznych i mikroskopowych endometrium.

The goal of this study was to asses the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy, cytology, ultrasonography and histopathology in various pathological states in endometrium. 250 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were examined. The wide range of several diagnoses were achieved with 8 cases of cancer. Used methods were found to be complementary because 7 cases of cancer were recognised by histopathologic method, 6 by hysteroscopy and 5 by a cytological test (3 results were suspicious). To the risk group were qualified by ultrasonography all patients in postmenopausal age.

[Detection of human papillomavirus genome in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions]. / Badania nad obecnoscia genomu onkogennych typów wirusa brodawczaka ludzkiego w wybranych stanach patologii szyjki macicy.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work was the assessment of the correlation between different types of HPV and abnormal stages of uterine cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The smears were simultaneously collected for both cytooncologic examination and PCR identification of HPV viruses. Cytologic smears were classified according to the Bethesda system. RESULTS: A strong relationship between the presence of HPV types 16, 18 and 33 and the intensification of cytologic changes was confirmed. The more advanced abnormal changes in the uterine cervix, the more often presence of these HPV types. The presence of HPV types 6 and 11 were more often in low grade lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions from this examinations are: there is a proportional correlation between the grades of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, uterine cervix carcinoma and the presence of oncogenic types of human papillomavirus.

[Comparison of conservative and laparoscopic treatment of PCOS]. / Porównanie leczenia zachowawczego i laparoskopowego zespolu PCOS.

OBJECTIVE: Aim of study contained clinical analysis of results conservative (Clostilbegyt) and laparoscopic (electro-catheterisation of ovaries) methods of treatment PCOS. Authors analysed count of pregnancy, deliveries and serum concentrations of LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, 17 beta E2 before and after treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Stady included 50 obese patients (group A, BMI > 28) treated by Clostilbegyt and 50 lean patients (group B, BMI < 28) treated by laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery. RESULTS: We found higher percentage of pregnancies (84%) and deliveries in group B (72%) versus A. We obtained statistically significant higher serum concentrations of LH, 17 beta E2 and LH/FSH ratio of group B versus A. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Recommendation method for treatment PCOS is a laparoscopic electro-catheterisation of ovaries. 2. This method stabilize hormonal secretion of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in the PCOS.

[Laparotomy performed in pregnant women due to non-obstetrical causes]. / Laparotomie wykonane u ciezarnych z przyczyn niepolozniczych.

OBJECTIVE: The clinical characteristics of laparotomy during pregnancy were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of 24 cases of laparotomy during pregnancy was investigated with respect to clinicopathologic features and outcome. RESULTS: Among 23 cases there were 20 ovarian tumors, 2 acute appendicitis and 2 uterine fibroid. Gestational ages at the time of surgery ranged from 16 to 24 weeks of patients with ovarian tumors and from 30 to 32 weeks in others. No intraoperative or postoperative maternal or fetal complications occurred. One patient had a stage III ovarian carcinoma and went to total hysterectomy, and other patient had a stage IA ovarian carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Appendectomy can be performed without additional risk to the fetus for those who require surgical intervention during pregnancy. Ovarian surgery in pregnancy for persistent masses is important to obtain a final histologic diagnosis.

New renin inhibitors with hydrophilic C-terminus.

Four new peptide-based renin inhibitors, Boc-Phe(4-OMe)-MePhe-AHPPA-epsilon Ahx-EA (11), Boc-Phe(4-OMe)-MeLeu-AHP-PA-epsilon Ahx-EA (15), Boc-Phe(4-OMe)-MePhe-Sta-epsilon Ahx-EA (20) and Boc-Phe(4-OMe)-MeLeu-Sta-epsilon Ahx-EA (21) have been synthesized in search of structures with improved biological properties. They were designed as compounds with moderate hydrophobicity (5.28, 4.79, 4.79 and 4.30), respectively. All synthesized inhibitors were resistant to chymotrypsin activity, all were poorly soluble in buffers pH 2.0 and pH 7.4. The inhibitory potency of renin activity in vitro of 11, 15, 20 and 21 expressed as IC50 was 7.0 x 10(-4), 7.5 x 10(-5), 6.0 x 10(-4) and 2.5 x 10(-4) M/l, respectively.

[The occurrence of malformations in newborns from highly polluted environment: own materials from years 1993-1998]. / Wystepowanie wad rozwojowych u noworodków pochodzacych z terenu o duzym skazeniu srodowiska--material wlasny z lat 1993-1998.

OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological rates and the structure of malformations in live born infants from the II Chair and Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Zabrze in the year 1993-1998 are shown in this paper. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 5898 newborns with weight over 500 g were examined. 341 histories of development of newborns with malformations were analysed. Statistical calculations were performed using Chi square test. RESULTS: It was stated, that the percentage of malformations was 5.8% in examined period with 1.6% of severe malformations in it. Malformations of genitourinary, osteoarticular and circulatory systems were of the most frequent occurrence. Frequency of intrauterine hypotrophy in newborns with malformations was statistically significantly higher than in the group of all examined infants. CONCLUSIONS: Hypotrophy is to a higher degree than prematurity connected with the hazard of presence of congenital malformation. Considering constant increase of the number of malformations which was shown in this paper, there is urgent necessity of introducing of the comprehensive registry of malformations in Upper Silesia.

[The evaluation of susceptibility to oxidation of selected lipoproteins of pregnant women with type B diabetes mellitus in 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy]. / Ocena podatnosci na proces oksydacji wybranych lipoprotein u ciezarnych chorych na cukrzyce klasy B w II i III trymestrze ciazy.

OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: The aim of study was estimation of susceptibility on the process of oxidation of selected lipoproteins of pregnant women with IDDM in II, III trimester of pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study included 80 women. Patients were divided into four groups: pregnant with IDDM, pregnant healthy, nonpregnant with and without IDDM. We used spectrophotometric method for estimation of susceptibility on oxidation of HDL, LDL in the four groups of patients. RESULTS: In the group of diabetic pregnant we found increased serum concentrations of LDL. The comparison of examined groups showed statistically significant higher susceptibility on the oxidation of chosen lipoproteins in pregnant with IDDM. This group of patients characterized lower antioxidation activity than other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic pregnant characterized higher serum concentrations of LDL, and increase of peroxidation of lipids than other groups. This group showed lower total antioxidation activity. In the groups of diabetic women we obtained increased suspectibility of oxidation LDL and HDL.

[Preliminary assessment of transient evoked acoustic emissions (TEOAE) in newborns depending on selected parameters of delivery complications with particular analysis of newborns with hypotrophy]. / Wstepna ocena emisji otoakustycznej wywolanej trzaskiem (TEOAE) u noworodków w zaleznosci od wybranych parametrów zaburzen okoloporodowych ze szczególnym uwzglednieniem noworodków z cechami hipotrofii wewnatrzmacicznej.

OBJECTIVES: Transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) is accepted as a good and universal test for screening of the cochlea function in newborns. This method is particularly useful in the newborn group with risk-factors of hearing losses. Early identification of the cochlear pathology gives possibility of supplying with hearing aid instrument and rehabilitation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study 300 newborns was tested with TEOAE, besides such parameters as birth mass, Apgar scale, bilirubinemy were analysed. Then the same results of the newborns with hypotrophy consisted of 40 subjects were analysed. RESULTS: The study did not indicate any tendency of changing TEOAE in particular parts within the cochlea in newborns with hypotrophy. Hypotrophy does not seem to influence the cochlea function monitored by TEOAE half-octave band analysis.

[Urinary tract infections in pregnancy: perinatal problem]. / Zakazenie ukladu moczowego w ciazy--problem perinatologiczny.

The authors presented the frequency of urinary tract infection (u.t.i) in pregnancy in own practice. Additional complications in pregnancy with asymptomatic bacteriuria and acute pyelonephritis were described. Postnatal period of neonates born from mothers with u.t.i. in pregnancy were analyzed. The authors defined the frequency of intrauterine hypotrophy and infectious complications in above newborns.

[Carrier of numerical chromosome abnormalities in infertile married couples]. / Nosicielstwo anomalii liczbowych chromosomowych wsród malzenstw z niepowodzeniami prokreacji.

OBJECTIVES: Genetic anomalies are one of many conditions causing infertility. DESIGN: The aim of the study was to define the frequency of numerical chromosome aberrations in infertile married couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metaphasal chromosomes were analysed by G-T-G stration in 650 patients, i.e. 325 married couples. Chromosomes for testing had been obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: Of all women and men, numerical chromosome anomalies were found in 14 married couples (4.1%). The aberrations were connected with female factors in 8 couples (2.3%), and with male factors in 6 (1.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study indicate that diagnostic procedure for infertility should preferably include cytogenetic examinations as well.

[The method of treatment of functional evident hyperprolactinemia in sterile women]. / Sposoby leczenia czynnosciowej, jawnej hyperprolaktynemii u kobiet z nieplodnoscia.

OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: The aim of study was evaluation of three methods of treatment of functional, evident hyperprolactinemia in women with primary or secondary sterility by use of Bromoergocriptine, Dopergin or Norprolac. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study contained 65 patients divided into three groups treated by use three methods. We used RIA-method for evaluation serum concentrations of h-PRL. Authors estimated the impact of dopaminergic receptors D2 agonist on the serum concentrations of h-PRL before, in 2nd and 6th month of observation. RESULTS: Authors obtained decrease serum concentrations of h-PRL in the three groups of patients during therapy and observation. CONCLUSION: Norprolac characterized well efficiency, safety and low count of side effects during treatment of hyperprolactinemia.

[Computer analysis of a cardiotocogram and parameters of acid-base balance in capillary blood of the infant]. / Komputerowa analiza kardiotokogramu a parametry równowagi kwasowo-zasadowej krwi wlosniczkowej noworodka.

Our objective in this study was to compare the parameters of the acid-base balance in the capillary blood 60 minutes after delivery with the antenatal cardiotocographic computer analysis. Our study included 64 infants delivered vaginally on term. The basic criterion to classify into the examined group and control group was a pH result of the capillary blood equal to 7.30. In the examined group there were 34 cases and 30 in the control group. Retrospective analysis of cardiotocographs was carried out. The determination was made of pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3, SBE and SAT in the capillary blood. The analysed material showed a very good negative correlation between a pH value in the examined group and a short-term variability (STV) (r = 0.95 at p < 0.001). It was concluded that there is a strong relationship between elements of computer-aided cardiotocographic monitoring and abnormalities in the acid-base balance and condition of the infant.

Renin inhibitors containing nicotinic or isonicotinic acid at the N-terminus. Part V.

Four new compounds: Nic-Phe/4-OMe/-MePhe-Sta-epsilonAhx-OMe/23/,Nic-Phe/4-OMe/-MePhe- Sta-epsilonAhx-Iaa/24/,iNic-Phe/4-OMe/-MeLeu-Sta-ep silonAhx-OMe/29/ and iNic-Phe/4-OMe/-MeLeu-Sta-epsilonAhx-Iaa/30/ have been synthesized in search after renin inhibitors of improved biological properties. Their stability against chymotrypsin activity, solubility in water at pH 7.4, 6.9 and 2.0, partition coefficient and activity in vitro were determined. All synthesized inhibitors are resistant to enzymatic degradation, all are very good soluble in water at pH 2.0, poorly soluble at pH 6.9 and insoluble at pH 7.4. Partition coefficients go up together with increase of pH worth of buffer. IC50 of obtained inhibitors 23,24,29 and 30 is 3 x 10(-4),7.5 x 10(-4),4 x 10(5) and 4 x 10(-3)M/1 respectively.

The effect of intraamniotically administered L-thyroxin on pulmonary efficacy of newborns delivered prematurely.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of L-thyroxine on prenatal lung maturation. Forty pregnant women with indications to preterm delivery were divided into two subgroups: A--30 patients suffering from insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, B--10 patients with other pathology of pregnancy. 500 micrograms L-thyroxine "Henning" was injected intraamniotically. The gestational age at the time of initiating the L-thyroxine therapy was: 31-37 weeks in subgroup A, 31-36 in subgroup B and at the time of delivery: 33-38 weeks, 33-36 weeks, respectively. The control group of prematures was selected according to gestational age. The frequency of respiratory distress syndrome and mortality for this reason in the study group of newborns was lower in comparison to the control group. Side effects of L-thyroxine were not observed. We conclude that L-thyroxine accelerates the maturation of fetal lung and is very useful in prenatal medicine.

Enzymatically stable renin inhibitors containing statine and 6 aminohexanoic acid. Part IV.

Eight new peptide renin inhibitors: Boc-Phe/4-OMe/His-Sta-epsilonAhx-Iaa(13), Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-His-Sta-episilonAhx-OMe,(21),Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-MePhe-S ta-epsilonAhx-Iaa(27),Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-MePhe-Sta-epsilonAhx-++ +epsilonAhx-Iaa(32),Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-MePhe-Sta-Val-epsilonAhx- OMe (38),Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-MeVal-Sta-Val-Iaa(48),Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-Me Val-Sta-Iaa(51), Boc-Phe/4-OMe/-MeLeu-Sta-epsilonAhx-Iaa (57) have been synthesized in search after compounds of improved biological properties. All peptides were obtained by carbodimide method in solution by stepwise elongation of the peptide chain or by fragment condensation. Their potency was assayed in vitro by a spectrofluorometric method/assay of Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser released from N-acetyltetradecapeptide substrate by renin in the presence of an inhibitor/. Their resistance to enzymatic degradation was assayed by determination of stability to chymotrypsin activity. The most potent inhibitor was (13):IC50 = 7 x 10(-8)M/1. All inhibitors were stable to chymotrypsin.

Evaluation of amniotic fluid elastolytic activity: can it be a method of fetal lung maturity assessment? A comparison with Gluck's L/S test.

Amniotic fluid elastolytic activity was assessed in a group of 120 women who delivered preterm infants and in 35 women who delivered at term. Amniotic fluid elastolytic activity decreases as pregnancy progresses. The lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in women's amniotic fluid was determined by the method developed by Gluck and associates [6] and elastolytic activity by that developed by Mehdi and associates. A significant negative correlation was found between the amniotic fluid L/S ratio and amniotic fluid elastolytic activity (r = -0.932; p < 0.001). The border value of elastolytic activity that indicates lung maturity (L/S ratio equal to or greater than 2) is 2.01 +/- 0.05 mmol/min ml. In the amniotic elastolytic activity test, it is the value that differentiates mature from immature lungs. The amniotic fluid elastolytic activity test is characterized by high sensitivity (91.43%) and specificity (91.67%), high positive prognostic value (76.19%) and low negative prognostic value (2.65%). The test parameters do not therefore differ greatly from those of the Gluck test. Moreover, the amniotic fluid elastolytic activity test is cheaper and takes less time to perform.