ABSTRACT
We present a review of experimental, theoretical, and molecular simulation studies of confinement effects on freezing and melting. We consider both simple and more complex adsorbates that are confined in various environments (slit or cylindrical pores and also disordered porous materials). The most commonly used molecular simulation, theoretical and experimental methods are first presented. We also provide a brief description of the most widely used porous materials. The current state of knowledge on the effects of confinement on structure and freezing temperature, and the appearance of new surface-driven and confinement-driven phases are then discussed. We also address how confinement affects the glass transition.
ABSTRACT
beta-Galactosidase from bovine testes was used in a one pot reaction together with a recombinant beta-1,6-GlcNAc transferase for the synthesis of GlcNAc(beta 1-6)GalNAc(alpha 1-OBn) (core 6-Bn). The galactosidase, which reversibly links galactose via a (beta 1-3) linkage to N-acetylgalactosamine, provides the substrate for the GlcNAc transferase in situ. The synthesis was carried out with a yield > 90%.
