ABSTRACT
The present paper reviews preclinical research of divaza, the combination of release-active antibodies to brain-specific 5100 protein and release-active antibodies to endothelial NO-synthase. Preclinical studies have revealed that the specific pharmacological activity of the compounds is retained in the combination, and the components mutually potentiate each other's effects. The previous research have demonstrated high efficacy of divaza in the experimental models of cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases. Divaza also displays the antihypoxant and antioxidant activity in the animal models of hypoxia by reducing the pathological changes of brain tissue. Significant reduction of the lipid peroxidation process in the affected brain regions can be one of the mechanisms of this effect. In standard experimental models of anxiety and depression, divaza positively influences the psycho-emotional state of animals.
Subject(s)
Antibodies/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , S100 Proteins/immunology , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism , S100 Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Anaferon and pediatric anaferon based on release-active antibodies to interferon-gamma (R-A antibodies to INF-gamma) proved to be efficient in the treatment of many viral infections. Immunomodulating (immunotropic) properties of the drugs were revealed in the preclinical studies at many Russian and foreign research medical institutions and are reviewed herein. Anaferon and pediatric anaferon stimulated the humoral and cellular immune responses and increased the neutrophil and macrophage activity. The crucial mechanism of the immunotropic action of R-A antibodies to INF-gamma was the effect on the system of interferons and in particular on INF-gamma and functionally conjugated cytokines, resulting in normalization of the functional activity of the innate factors of the immune defense and increasing of the antiviral action. The broad spectrum of the immunotropic activity provided the success of anaferon and anaferon pediatric for more than 10 years in the treatment and prophylaxis of the diseases associated with disorders in the immune system functional state.
Subject(s)
Antibodies/pharmacology , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Immunity, Cellular/drug effects , Immunity, Humoral/drug effects , Immunity, Innate/drug effects , Interferon Inducers/pharmacology , Adult , Animals , B-Lymphocytes/cytology , B-Lymphocytes/drug effects , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Child , Female , Humans , Interferon-gamma/antagonists & inhibitors , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Killer Cells, Natural/cytology , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Macrophages/cytology , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/immunology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred CBA , Neutrophils/cytology , Neutrophils/drug effects , Neutrophils/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/cytology , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , T-Lymphocytes/immunologyABSTRACT
The effects of kardostin on the ovulatory cycle, conception, and sexual behavior of female rats have been experimentally studied. It is established that a two-week therapy with kardostin at a dose of 5 and 15 mg/kg changed phases of the estrous cycle (with the estrus phase being most prevalent) and led to ambiguous changes in the sexual behavior of female rats (a dose of 5 mg/kg increased sexual behavior, while a dose of 15 mg/kg inhibited it), activated fertility, and improved the quality of conception.
Subject(s)
Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers/pharmacology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology , Fertility/drug effects , Fertilization/drug effects , Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Animals , Estrous Cycle/drug effects , Female , Male , Menstrual Cycle/drug effects , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/antagonists & inhibitors , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism , Pregnancy , Rats , Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolismABSTRACT
Viral infections are at present the leading cause of morbidity in the world. The clinical trials of gamma-anaferon (pediatric formulation) in the treatment and prophylaxis of a great number of viral infections (more than 20 nosological forms) due to the RNA- and DNA-containing viruses demonstrated its efficacy and safety. Gamma-anaferon is an immunomodulator with antiviral activity containing ultralow doses of antibodies to interferon. The high efficacy of anaferon and no adverse effects allowed to consider it as the drug of choice in the treatment of various viral infections including those in children under 1 year.
