[French clinical guidelines for prevention of perianaesthetic dental injuries: long text]. / Bris dentaires périanesthésiques: texte long.

INTRODUCTION: Dental injuries represent the most common claims against the anaesthesiologists. Dental lesions are frequent complications of orotracheal intubation and major causal factors are, firstly, preexisting poor dentition, and, secondly, difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. The aim of this work was to prioritize propositions for prevention in perianaesthetic dental injury and for care in case of dental trauma. METHOD: A GRADE consensus procedure consisting of three rounds was conducted. A purposively selected heterogeneous panel (n=15) of experts, comprising 10 practitioners in anesthesiology, one practitioner who is jurist and anaesthesiologist, two practitioners in maxillofacial surgery, and two practitioners in dentist surgery. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion of the board members. The guidelines represent the best current evidence based on literature search and professional opinion. RESULTS: The entire panel completed all three rounds and 31 plus six propositions were written for adult and paediatric clinical practice in anaesthesiology, respectively. The experts highlight the interest of preoperative visit for minimizing dental injuries: the practitioner must identify risk factors for difficult intubation and ventilation, describe precisely patient's preoperative dental condition, including upper incisor most commonly involved teeth in dental trauma. Patients have to be informed by practitioner for risk dental injury and anaesthesiology staff must choose his anesthesia protocol before the induction of intubation narcosis, avoiding insufficient anaesthesia and lack of experience by the anaesthesiologist. The choice of accurate proceeding during laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation and extubation for example, can aid in the prevention of dental injury, reduce the number of claims and the cost of litigation process. DISCUSSION: These guidelines delineate an approach for the prevention of perianaesthetic dental trauma and for the immediate or urgent care in case of perianaesthetic dental injury.

[Constraints of means, technics and results in orthodontics?]. / Obligations de moyens, de techniques et de résultats, en Orthopédie Dento-Maxillo-Faciale?

Like all health professionals, Orthodontic Physicians, are constantly seeking or are urged to obtain the best therapeutic results possible by their professional bodies such as Universities, Learned societies, Ordre des Medecins and Professional Associations and by extra-professional bodies such as the Social Security, the Law, the Media and the general Public. The divergence between technical progress and patient care resources is currently creating tension in all western countries; thereby producing difficulties in conditions of practice.