[Distribution of 5-fluorouracil between lymphocytes and blood plasma].

In blood plasma of 8 healthy volunteers with resuspended lymphocytes incubated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) the drug distribution between cells and liquid was assessed by means of HPLC. Rapid accumulation of 5-FU in lymphocytes was proved (the drug concentration on the 3-rd minute is 2.5-fold higher than in plasma) as well as the absence of temporal changes of 5-FU content both in lymphocytes and blood plasma during 30 minutes of experiment.

[Palliative treatment of nonresectable pancreatic cancer complicated by obturation jaundice].

There are presented the results of palliative treatment of 411 patients, suffering pancreatic cancer, complicated by obturation jaundice. To all the patients the four-staged treatment, including preoperative preparation, draining operation, chemoradiation and subsequent symptomatic operation, was applied. While performing draining operation there were applied the methods of choledochoduodenoanastomosis formation, elaborated in the clinic. Postoperative complications rate and lethality after application of elaborated method of choledochoduodenoanastomosis formation is lesser than after formation of cholecystojejunoanastomosis and external drainage.

[Prophylaxis of postgastrectomy complications in patients with gastric cancer].

There are presented the results of surgical treatment of 447 patients. suffering gastric cancer, in whom gastrectomy was performed. Esophago-initestinal anastomosis was performed according to method of G. V. Bondahr. Interintestinal anastomosis (IIA) was formed using traditional Braun method and also was applied the longitudinal-transversal method, elaborated in the clinic. Usage of the method proposed did not worsen the immediate and late results, but have promoted significant improvement of the gastrectomy functional results. The method application secures the trustworthy lowering of the postgastrectomy complications rate while performing gastrectomy (dumping syndrome, reflux-esophagitis, the adduced loop syndrome) comparing with such, using Braun IIA--accordingly 30.5 and 52.8% (P = 0.016); fair, good and excellent the patients quality of life--accordingly in 67.8 and 47.2% (P = 0.024). The elaborated procedure of the IIA formation constitutes the method of choice while performing gastrectomy.

[Immediate results of transabdominal rectal resection with the duplicature anastomosis formation].

There were presented immediate results of surgical treatment of 425 patients with the upper ampullar and rectosygmoid portion cancer recti (CR), to whom in 1989-2002 transabdominal rectal resection, using the duplicature anastomosis, was performed. In 93.4% of observations, according to histological investigation data, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed. Concurrent diseases were revealed in 226 (53.2%) patients. The technique of transabdominal CR resection is depicted. There were noted fair immediate results in treatment of the patients: postoperative complications rate have constituted 13.2%, postoperative mortality--2.6%. In structure of postoperative complications purulent-septic one had prevailed, similarly were complications with cardiovascular and respiratory systems affections.

[Remote results of the treatment of proximal rectal cancer].

There were presented the late results of surgical treatment in 425 patients, suffering upper ampullar and rectosygmoid rectal cancers, to whom transabdominal rectal resection with the duplicature anastomosis formation in 1989--2002 yrs was done. In 93.4% of observations, according to histological investigation data, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed. Concurrent diseases were noted in 226 (53.2%) of patients. The postoperative complications rate was 13.2%, postoperative mortality--2.6%. Late result of treatment was fair.

[The complications in surgical treatment of gastric cancer in elderly and senile patients]. / Vozniknovenie oslozhnenii pri khirurgicheskom lechenii raka zheludka u bol'nykh pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

Causes of the perioperative complications occurrence in 736 elderly and senile patients, operated on for gastric cancer, were studied. It was established that the complications frequency and mortality were depended on the concomitant diseases presence, on the main disease complications, duration and volume of operation as well, but not from their age. The operation performance method and anesthesiological support perfection would permit to widen indications for the radical surgical intervention performance and raise the treatment of patients efficacy.

[Possibilities of x-ray methods in diagnosis of an acute pancreatitis and its local complications]. / Vozmozhnosti luchevoi diagnostiki lokal'nykh oslozhnenii ostrogo pankreatita.

The ray methods of investigation were applied in 182 patients with an acute pancreatitis (AP). In 28% of patients local complications of AP were revealed: pseudocyst, abscess, pancreatic gland phlegmon, the gastric wall infiltration and ulceration, paracolic infiltrate and colonic obstruction, biliary hypertension, portal hypertension, subcapsular and parenchymatous splenic hematoma.

[Errors in the diagnosis of tumors of the adnexa uteri and the means for their elimination]. / Oshibki v diagnostike opukholei pridatkov matki i puti ikh ustraneniia.

Errors are described made in the course of diagnosis of "false" tumors of the uterine appendages of inflammatory genesis. An algorithm is developed of carrying out differential diagnosis between carcinoma of the ovary and "false" tumours of uterine appendages, involving ultrasonic investigation, computerized tomography and direct endolymphatic antibiotic therapy over a long period of time, which measures permitted a more accurate diagnosis to be made, an adequate surgical treatment to be instituted.

[Multifactorial diagnosis and surgical treatment in inflammatory tumors of the uterine adnexa]. / Mnogofaktornaia diagnostika i khirurgicheskoe lechenie vospalitel'nykh opukholei pridatkov matki.

In 66 patients with a tubo-ovarian tumor of inflammatory genesis in consequence of hyperdiagnostics in gynaecological compartments of general practice net diagnosis of the ovary cancer was established. Application of complex diagnostic measures, consisting of computing diagnosis tables construction, use of straight prolonged endolymphatic antibacterial therapy, ultrasonic investigation and computer tomography as well allowed to specify the diagnosis and to conduct an adequate surgical treatment.

[Immediate results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer complicated by anemia]. / Neposredstvennye rezul'taty khirurgicheskogo lecheniia raka zheludka, oslozhnennogo anemiei.

The immediate results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer complicated by anemia in 137 patients are presented. Resectability rate was 66.4%, total postoperative lethality--4.4%, incidence of postoperative complications--21.9%. In the process of preoperative preparation, correction of anemia was performed in 35% of the patients. At the postoperative period, severity degree of anemia had no influence on the incidence of postoperative complications provided that the reliable methods for creation of esophago-intestinal and gastrointestinal anastomoses were used.

[Surgical treatment of cancer of the colon and rectum in patients over 70 years of age]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie raka obodochnoi priamoi kishok u bol'nykh starshe 70 let.

Analysis of the results of surgical treatment of carcinoma of the colon and rectum in 200 patients over 70 years of age provides strong evidence for recommending sphincter-preserving and one-stage operations by methods of surgical interventions suggested by the authors. Postoperative complications occurred in 34% of patients, the mortality was 12%.

[The dynamics of the enzymatic activity of DNA metabolism during the treatment of stomach cancer patients]. / Dinamika aktivnosti fermentov metabolizma DNK v protsesse lecheniia bol'nykh bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

The activity of thymidine kinase was found to be distinctly elevated while the activity of thymidine phosphorylase was markedly reduced in the blood serum of patients with gastric cancer. The dynamics of enzymatic activity depended on the form of surgical intervention. In patients undergoing chemotherapy positive effects were observed in those with a high initial activity of thymidine phosphorylase. This enzyme test is recommended for determination of treatment efficiency and prognosis of the course of the disease.

[Restoration of intestinal continuity after right-side hemicolectomy]. / Vosstanovlenie nepreryvnosti kishechnika posle pravostoronnei gemikoléktomii.

In restoration of intestinal continuity in 154 patients with colonic cancer, the duplicate end-to-end anastomosis was used. A description of the method is presented.

[Activity of the enzymes of DNA metabolism in the blood of patients with breast cancer]. / Aktivnost' fermentov metabolizma DNK v syvorotke krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Age-related changes in the activity of thymidine- and adenosine-metabolizing enzymes were studied in healthy females and those with breast cancer aged 46-70 years. A significant increase in activity of thymidine kinase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase and a decrease in that of thymidine phosphorylase were registered in blood serum of breast cancer patients of all age brackets. Adenosine deaminase activity in blood serum and lymphocytes of breast cancer patients was found to significantly change after surgery. A direct correlation was established between pretreatment thymidine phosphorylase activity and histological type of tumor, on the one hand and results of chemotherapy, on the other. The applicability of enzyme level assay for evaluating response to pre- and postoperative medication was studied.

[Prevention and treatment of necrosis of the downward transposed intestine following abdomino-anal resection of cancer]. / Profilaktika i lechenie nekroza nizvedennoi kishki posle briushno-anal'noi rezektsii pri rake.

The article analyzes an experience with treatment of 83 patients with necrosis of the descended gut after 1128 sphincter-preserving resections of the rectum. The rectum resection if performed at high professional level and the drug correction of coexistent diseases were found to reduce the amount of necroses of the descended gut up to 4%. In 33.7% of the patients inflammatory phenomena in the small pelvis were arrested with satisfactory functional results.

[The enzymatic activity of DNA metabolism of the blood in patients operated on in stomach cancer]. / Aktivnost' fermentov metabolizma DNK v krovi u bol'nykh, operirovannykh po povodu raka zheludka.

The study was concerned with comparison of the activity of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine desaminase and AMP 5'-nucleotidase in serum of cancer patients and healthy subjects. A significant change in 5'-nucleotidase level was registered in patients over 60 years of age and in those of adenosine desaminase and thymidine phosphorylase in patients older than 70 years. A comparative evaluation of the activity of those enzymes showed an increase in thymidine kinase activity matched by a sharp drop in that of thymidine phosphorylase in patients over 45 years. A sharp increase in the activity of adenosine metabolizing enzymes in cancer serum was accompanied by its decrease in lymphocytes. Among surgical patients, significant changes in the activity were observed in radically operated cases only.

[Surgical treatment of non-epithelial tumors of the stomach]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie neépitelia'lnykh opukholei zheludka.

The results of surgical treatment of 38 patients with non-epithelial gastric tumours are presented. Combined treatment contributes to the increase in the survival of patients.

[Results of surgical treatment of cancer of the large intestine in middle-aged and elderly patients]. / Resul'taty khirurgicheskogo lecheniia raka tolstoi kishki u bol'nykh pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

The immediate and long-term results of the surgical treatment of cancer of the colon and rectum in 955 elderly and senile patients are presented. The authors recommend the wide use of the primary-restorative operations on the colon, and the sphincter-preserving operations on the rectum. In advanced cancer of the large intestine, the performance of combined and palliative resection, and extirpation of the large intestine is justified.