Lignanos (3): enterolignanos y actividad estrogénica / No disponible

Los lignanos ingeridos con los alimentos de origen vegetal pueden ser biotransformados por las bacterias del tracto intestinal de los mamíferos y posteriormente absorbidos, dando compuestos detectables en suero, saliva, orina, bilis y fluidos seminales. Estos compuestos son conocidos como enterolignanos o lignanos de mamíferos y, al igual que otros fitoestrógenos, imitan algunos de los efectos de los estrógenos. En la actualidad se cree que pueden ejercer un efecto quimioprotector contra cánceres hormonodependientes como son el cáncer de mama y de próstata

Lignans ingested with food of plant origin are biotransformated by intestinal bacteria of the mammals and then absorbed, giving compounds detectable in serum, saliva, urine, bile and seminal fluids. These compounds are known as enterolignans or mammalian lignans and, like other phytoestrogens, can have some estrogen-like effects. Nowadays it is believed that they could exert a chemoprotective effect against hormone-dependent cancer, such as breast and prostate cancer

The ACE/DD genotype is associated with the extent of exercise-induced left ventricular growth in endurance athletes.

OBJECTIVES: We studied the impact of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/DD genotype on morphologic and functional cardiac changes in adult endurance athletes. BACKGROUND: Trained athletes usually develop adaptive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and ACE gene polymorphisms may regulate myocardial growth. However, little is known about the impact of the ACE/DD genotype and D allele dose on the cardiac changes in adult endurance athletes. METHODS; Echocardiographic studies (including tissue Doppler) were performed in 61 male endurance athletes ranging in age from 25 to 40 years, with a similar period of training (15.6 +/- 4 h/week for 12.6 +/- 5.7 years). The ACE genotype (insertion [I] or deletion [D] alleles) was ascertained by polymerase chain reaction (DD = 27, ID = 31, and II = 3). Athletes with the DD genotype were compared with their ID counterparts. RESULTS: The DD genotype was associated with a higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI) than the ID genotype (162.6 +/- 36.5 g/m(2) vs. 141.6 +/- 34 g/m(2), p = 0.031), regardless of other confounder variables. As a result, 70.4% of DD athletes and only 42% of ID athletes met the criteria for LVH (p = 0.037). Although systolic and early diastolic myocardial velocities were similar in DD and ID subjects, a more prolonged E-wave deceleration time (DT) was observed in DD as compared with ID athletes, after adjusting for other biologic variables (210 +/- 48 ms vs. 174 +/- 36 ms, respectively; p = 0.008). Finally, a positive association between DT and myocardial systolic peak velocity (medial and lateral peak S(m)) was only observed in DD athletes (p = 0.013, r = 0.481). CONCLUSIONS: The ACE/DD genotype is associated with the extent of exercise-induced LVH in endurance athletes, regardless of other known biologic factors.

[Stress echocardiography in the pre-operative evaluation of patients undergoing major vascular surgery. Are results comparable with dypiridamole versus dobutamine stress echo?]. / Ecocardiografía de estrés en el preoperatorio de cirugía vascular: son comparables los resultados con dipiridamol y dobutamina?

INTRODUCTION: [corrected] Perioperative cardiovascular complications are an important cause of post-surgical morbility and mortality in patients undergoing major vascular surgery. Dobutamine Stress Echo is considered one of the methods of choice in the detection of coronary artery disease in this subgroup of patients. OBJECTIVES: . Our aim was to analyze if dipyridamole stress echocardiography could be used as an alternative to Dobutamine Stress Echo in the perioperative evaluation of patients in need of major vascular surgery. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The result of consecutives dypiridamole and dobutamine stress exams prior to vascular surgery were reviewed. We analyzed if those patients with a positive stress echo presented a higher number of cardiac events during and after surgery than those with negative stress echo. The negative and positive predictive values were calculated for both techniques. RESULTS: 133 stress exams were analysed: 39 with dobutamine and 94 with dipyridamole. Of the 39 dobutamine studies 2 were positive, 29 negatives and 8 non conclusive. Of the 94 dypiridamole studies 13 were positive and 81 negatives. None of the patients with a positive dobutamine echo underwent surgery. The negative predictive value for dobutamine echo was 96.5%, quite similar to that of dypiridamole stress echo (97.5%). CONCLUSION: Dipyridamole stress echocardiography is a valid alternative to dobutamine echocardiography in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients undergoing major vascular surgery.

Ecocardiografía de estrés en el preoperatorio de cirugía vascular: ¿son comparables los resultados con dipiridamol y dobutamina? / Stress Echocardiography in the Pre-Operative Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Major Vascular Surgery. Are Results Comparable with Dypiridamole versus Dobutamine Stress Echo?

Introducción. Las complicaciones cardiovasculares perioperatorias son causa de morbimortalidad posquirúrgica en pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular. La ecocardiografía de estrés se usa como cribado para la detección de enfermedad coronaria en estos pacientes. Objetivos. El propósito del estudio es analizar si la ecocardiografía de estrés con dipiridamol puede ser usada como alternativa a la ecocardiografía con dobutamina en la estratificación pronóstica de los pacientes que requieren cirugía vascular mayor. Pacientes y método. Se revisaron las ecocardiografías de estrés con dobutamina y dipiridamol realizadas antes de la cirugía vascular. Se analizó si los pacientes con resultado positivo presentaron un mayor número de acontecimientos cardíacos durante y tras la cirugía que aquellos con prueba negativa. Se calcularon los valores predictivos positivos y negativos de ambas técnicas.Resultados. Se han analizado 133 ecocardiogramas de estrés. De éstos, 39 se realizaron con dobutamina y 94 con dipiridamol. De los 39 estudios con dobutamina, dos fueron positivos, 29 negativos y ocho no concluyentes. De los 94 estudios con dipiridamol, 13 eran positivos y 81 negativos. Ninguno de los pacientes con ecocardiograma con dobutamina positivo fue intervenido. El valor predictivo negativo para la dobutamina fue de 96,5 por ciento, muy similar al del dipiridamol (97,5 por ciento).Conclusiones. La ecocardiografía de estrés con dipiridamol es una alternativa válida a la ecocardiografía con dobutamina en la valoración prequirúrgica de los pacientes que van a ser sometidos a cirugía vascular mayor (AU)