Prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en residentes de especialidades médicas / Prevalence of Burnout syndrome in medical residents / Prevalência do síndrome de Burnout em residentes de especialidades médicas

Resumen Introducción La alta carga de actividades académico asistenciales durante la residencia de medicina, pueden generar un estado de desgaste de tipo ocupacional por causa del estrés psicológico y emocional. Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en residentes de especialidades médicas de una universidad pública en el departamento del Cauca- Colombia. Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, realizado en 40 estudiantes de residencia médica, en quienes se estableció la presencia de agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal, dominios evaluados por el Test Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey, instrumento que evalúa la prevalencia de síndrome de Burnout. Resultados En una población de residentes de medicina compuesta por hombres en un 55%, se encontró que la razón de prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout fue del 0,9 y estuvo presente en el 47,5% de los participantes, El 42,5% presentaban cansancio emocional, el 55% presentaron baja despersonalización y solo la mitad reportaron estar en un alto nivel de realización personal, Discusión La presencia de altos niveles de agotamiento emocional tiene un valor decisorio para la presencia del síndrome de Burnout en la población de residentes médicos similar a lo reportado en diferentes estudios en médicos y especialistas. Conclusiones Existe una alta prevalencia de síndrome de Burnout en residentes de medicina con mayor compromiso en el sexo femenino y la edad menor de 35 años.

Abstract Introduction Due to the high load of academic-assistance demands during medical residency, a burnout state of occupational nature might be generated because of psychological and emotional stress. Purpose To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome in medical residents of a public university in the department of Cauca - Colombia. Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 40 students of medical residency who presented emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment, dimensions evaluated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey Test, an instrument that assesses the prevalence of burnout syndrome. Results In a population of medical residents composed of men in 55%, the burnout prevalence rate was 0.9%, being present in 47.5% of the participants. While emotional exhaustion was reported in 42,5% and lower degrees of depersonalization in 55%, high levels of personal accomplishment were reported by just half of them. Discussion The presence of high levels of emotional exhaustion has a decisive value for the prevalence of burnout syndrome in the population of medical residents, similar to that reported in different studies in doctors and medical specialists. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of burnout syndrome in medical residents, being more often in females under 35 years old.

Resumo Introdução A alta carga de atividades acadêmico-assistenciais durante a residência de medicina podem gerar uma situação de desgaste de tipo ocupacional por conta do estresse psicológico e emocional. Objetivo Determinar a prevalência do síndrome de Burnout em residentes de especialidades médicas de uma universidade pública no departamento de Cauca - Colômbia. Materiais e Métodos Estudo descritivo de corte transversal, realizado em 40 estudantes de residência médica, visando estabelecer a ocorrência de exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal, domínios avaliados pelo Teste Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey, instrumento que avalia a prevalência do síndrome de Burnout. Resultados Em uma população de residentes de medicina conformada por homens em um 55%, encontrou-se que a razão de prevalência do síndrome de Burnout foi de 0,9 e esteve presente em 47,5% dos participantes. 42,5% apresentava esgotamento emocional, 55% apresentava baixa despersonalização e apenas a metade relatou estar em um alto nível de realização pessoal. Discussão A existência de altos níveis de exaustão emocional tem um valor decisivo na presença do síndrome de Burnout na população de residentes médicos semelhante ao nível estimado em diferentes estudos em médicos e especialistas. Conclusões Existe uma alta prevalência do síndrome de Burnout em residentes de medicina com maior acometimento no sexo feminino e em pessoas menores de 35 anos.

Exposición a pantallas, sobrepeso y desacondicionamiento físico en niños y niñas / Exposure to screens, being overweight and physical deconditioning in children

Antecedentes. El sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil son un problema grave de salud. La actividad física determina la capacidad cardiorespiratoria. Los datos relacionados con el sobrepeso, obesidad y exposición a pantallas no son concluyentes.Métodos. Encuestamos a niños y niñas de edades entre 10 y 12 años acerca del tiempo frente a pantallas. Adicionalmente realizamos mediciones antropométricas y funcionales.Resultados. Estudiamos a 325 niños y niñas. El tiempo promedio frente a pantallas fue de 4.96 horas/día, permaneciendo los hombres más tiempo frente a pantallas. La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 22.8% y de obesidad 2.8%. El estudio no demostró diferencias antropométricas entre los sujetos con permanencias superiores e inferiores a 2 horas/día frente a pantallas.Conclusiones. Es elevado el número de horas de exposición frente a pantallas.

Aerobic fitness and limiting factors of maximal performance in chronic low back pain patients.

BACKGROUND: Studies of measurement of maximal aerobic uptake in patients with chronic low back pain have shown inconsistent results and none has focused on clinical endpoints of ergometry tests. OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of cardiorespiratory fitness and to establish factors limiting the maximal effort during the ergometry. METHODS: Patients with chronic low back pain performed a graded maximal exercise test. Clinical endpoints of the test were determined and grouped as "maximal effort" and "symptom-limited effort" endpoints. RESULTS: 101 patients aged 29.8 +/- 7.5 achieved a VO2 max value of 30.0 (+/- 7.27) ml.kg(-1).min(-1). In men and women independently, a linear regression analysis demonstrated that VO2 max was inversely and weakly related to age. When compared to normative categories of VO2 max, men and women were situated in the fair category. Quadriceps/leg fatigue was reported by 47.5% of patients and was the most frequent limiting factor of the tests. "Symptom limited effort" endpoints were reported by 54.4% of the subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical limiting factors of maximal exertion interfere the achievement of maximal oxygen uptake in patients with low back pain during ergometry. Further, there exists an association among the clinical endpoints of the tests and the VO2 value achieved. CLBP patients have a lower level of aerobic fitness than healthy controls.

A new non exercise-based VO2max prediction equation for patients with chronic low back pain.

UNLABELLED: INTRODUCTION The measurement of the maximal oxygen uptake as a parameter of cardiorespiratory fitness is useful in exercise prescription in functional restoration programs but this measurement requires the subject's maximal exertion which is not always possible in patients with chronic low back pain. The purpose of this study was to develop a regression equation to predict maximal oxygen uptake based on non-exercise data in adult patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS: Cross sectional study in which 70 participants completed a maximal graded exercise test in cycle ergometer to assess maximal oxygen uptake. RESULTS: Patients achieved a mean +/- SD value of VO(2)max of 30.8 (+/-7.7) ml kg(-1) min(-1). The regression model included as data of non-exercise the patient's gender, body mass index and the intensity of physical activity during leisure time. Multiple linear regression analysis generated the following formula (R (2) = 38.3, SEE = 6.08 ml kg(-1) min(-1)): VO(2)max (ml kg(-1) min(-1)) = 35.3377 - 0.475411 x BMI + 0.155232 x PALT + 7.97682 x gender; where BMI = body mass index, PALT = physical activity during leisure time, women = 0, men = 1. The Durbin Watson statistic showed no problems with serial autocorrelation (D-W = 1.86). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test demonstrated that the errors are distributed normally. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a new and relatively precise non-exercise regression model to predict VO(2)max in patients with chronic low back pain.