Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of a standardized extract (P2Et) obtained from Caesalpinia spinosa.

The standardized P2Et extract obtained from Caesalpinia spinosa has shown antioxidant, and direct antitumor activity, but also activation of specific immune response through the induction of tumor immunogenic cell death in breast and melanoma cancer models. The present work evaluated the mutagenicity and genotoxicity profile of P2Et to continue the development of the P2Et. Genotoxicity was evaluated by OECD 1997 a guideline and mutagenicity by OECD 2016. At P2Et's doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight in mice (Mus musculus), the difference between the number of micronuclei in PCE of the groups were not statistically significant (17 (negative control), 15 (500 mg/kg), 15 (1000 mg/kg), 19 (2000 mg/kg) and 271 (positive control). Similarly, P2Et did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of Salmonella Typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 at the tested range of concentrations up to 5000 µg/plate in the absence and presence of metabolic activation. Therefore, the P2Et was considered as non- mutagenic and non-genotoxic at the conditions of the tests.

[Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a renal transplant patient]. / Encefalitis por virus herpes simple en paciente portadora de trasplante renal. Estudio de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

The incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is estimated to occur annually in 2-4 cases per million population. HSV encephalitis is exceptional in renal transplant patients, we have found two previous reports after an extensive bibliography search. We report a case of a 47 years old women renal transplant recipient who presented 3 months after transplantation fever, stupor and aphasia. The diagnosis HSV encephalitis was achieved by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging. She was treated with aciclovir for 4 weeks and recovered completely without neurologic sequelae.

Encefalitis por virus herpes simple en paciente portadora de trasplante renal. Estudio de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a renal transplant patient

La incidencia estimada de encefalitis por virus herpes simple (VHS) es de 2-4casos anuales por millón de población general. La encefalitis por VHS en pacientestrasplantados es una complicación muy poco frecuente, de la que sólo hemosencontrado dos citas en la revisión bibliográfica realizada.Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 47 años que a los 3 meses del trasplanterenal presentó un cuadro de fiebre, estupor y afasia debido a una encefalitispor VHS. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante PCR en líquido cefalorraquídeoy resonancia magnética cerebral. La paciente fue tratada con aciclovir, recuperándosesin secuelas clínicas

The incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is estimated to occurannually in 2-4 cases per million population. HSV encephalitis is exceptional inrenal transplant patients, we have found two previous reports after an extensivebibliography search.We report a case of a 47 years old women renal transplant recipient who presented3 months after transplantation fever, stupor and aphasia. The diagnosis HSVencephalitis was achieved by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonanceimaging. She was treated with aciclovir for 4 weeks and recovered completely withoutneurologic sequelae

Encefalitis por virus herpes simple en paciente portadora de trasplante renal. Estudio de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a renal transplant patient

La incidencia estimada de encefalitis por virus herpes simple (VHS) es de 2-4casos anuales por millón de población general. La encefalitis por VHS en pacientestrasplantados es una complicación muy poco frecuente, de la que sólo hemosencontrado dos citas en la revisión bibliográfica realizada.Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 47 años que a los 3 meses del trasplanterenal presentó un cuadro de fiebre, estupor y afasia debido a una encefalitispor VHS. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante PCR en líquido cefalorraquídeoy resonancia magnética cerebral. La paciente fue tratada con aciclovir, recuperándosesin secuelas clínicas

The incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is estimated to occurannually in 2-4 cases per million population. HSV encephalitis is exceptional inrenal transplant patients, we have found two previous reports after an extensivebibliography search.We report a case of a 47 years old women renal transplant recipient who presented3 months after transplantation fever, stupor and aphasia. The diagnosis HSVencephalitis was achieved by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonanceimaging. She was treated with aciclovir for 4 weeks and recovered completely withoutneurologic sequelae

[Encephalitis in a renal transplantation patient]. / Encefalitis en paciente trasplantado renal.

The patient was a 55 year-old-woman with chronic renal failure due to idiopathic mesngial deposition of Ig A. She received a second allograft of a kidney from a cadaver. Results of a preoperative serologic Ig G tests for EBV and CMV were positive. She was given triple-drug immunosuppressive therapy, consisting of cyclosporine,azathioprine, and steroids. Seven years later, azathioprine was changed to mycophenolate mofetil. One year later, she was admitted to the hospital with a three to four week history of vertigo (which did not improve after sulpiride was administrated) and an influenza-like syndrome. A CT scan of the brain appeared normal, so paroxysmal positional vertigo was the diagnosis. Two weeks after admission to the hospital, the patient reported visual hallucinations and impairment of consciousness. Results of laboratory tests were leukocyte increase (polymorphonuclear leukocytes), anemia, hyponatremia and renal failure. Chest radiography, brain CT, and electroencephalography revealed no pathologic signs. The CSF examination revealed 300 cells/ml (79% PMNL), glucose 63 mg/dl, protein 45 mg/dl. Six hours later the treatment was initiated with ampicillin, ceftriaxone and ganciclovir iv, she experienced seizures that affected the left side of her body, but without interictal recovery. The patient required intubation and mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. An MRI of the brain images, revealed high signal-intensity regions indicating lesions on the bulb, protuberance, mesencephalon, left thalamus and parenchyma adjacent to the corpus callosum (fig. 1). Six days later, the patient partially recovered consciousness, and she had not neurologic sequelae. Intubation was terminated. As soon as PCR revealed EBV DNA in CSF samples, the treatment with ceftriaxone and ampicillin was discontinued. Treatment with ganciclovir was maintained for 8 weeks (4 weeks with iv and another 4 weeks with oral treatment). On day 35, the examination of a specimen of CSF revealed: glucose 46, protein 78, 15 cells/ml (100% lymphocytes). The patient went home on day 55 after admission to our hospital. She regained her normal neurologic function. Three weeks later MRI, showed reduction of the size of the lesions and the lesions on the brain stem had disappeared.

Hemangiomatosis capilar pulmonar: una causa poco frecuente de hipertensión pulmonar / Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis: a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension

La hemangiomatosis capilar pulmonar (HCP) es una causa rara de hipertensión pulmonar, caracterizada por la proliferación de capilares que infiltran las estructuras del parénquima pulmonar, particularmente las vénulas, pero también los bronquiolos, el intersticio y otras. Presentamos un caso de hemangiomatosis capilar pulmonar en un varón de 70 años. Se demostró la existencia de una hipertensión arterial pulmonar mediante ecocardiografía y cateterismo.La tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) torácica evidenció que el enfermo presentaba un enfisema grave, a pesar de los valores de la espirometría que reflejaban una obstrucción al flujo aéreo de grado leve. Desarrolló una disnea progresiva y una insuficiencia respiratoria con efecto shunt marcado hasta el fallecimiento. El diagnóstico patológico se realizó en la autopsia. Se observó una proliferación capilar en las paredes alveolares, que formaba en ocasiones ovillos que protruían en los espacios aéreos o rodeaban pequeños vasos y bronquiolos. Las células endoteliales de los vasos neoformados no evidenciaban atipias y las mitosis eran escasas. La negatividad de la técnica inmunohistoquímica del antígeno p53 y la baja tasa de proliferación celular evaluada por Ki67 no apoyaban la naturaleza neoplásica de la HCP, como se ha sugerido en algunos trabajos. (AU)

Functional activities and concentrations of plasmin inhibitors in normal subjects and D.I.C. patients.

Alpha-2-macroglobulin and fast antiplasmin, the main inhibitors of the fibrinolytic system, and the presence of plasmin-antiplasmin complex (P-AP) were studied in 15 DIC patients and in 20 healthy individuals. There was a lack of correlation between immunological and chromogenic substrates alpha-2 antiplasmin levels when P-AP complex were found in DIC patients (in 6/15 cases). The levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin were within the normal range in most of these patients, confirm the secondary role of this inhibitor in fibrinolysis.