Accumulation of some heavy metals in Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda) and its host sea bream, Sparus aurata (Sparidae) from North-Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Iskenderun Bay).

The sea bream's nematode and Sparus aurata, sampled from the Iskenderun Bay, Mediterranean, in March 2008 were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for their some heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mg, Pb, and Zn) levels. The metal concentrations of the parasites were compared to different organs (liver, muscle, gill, intestine, and skin) of the fish hosts. There were significant differences in Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Hg, Mg, and Pb concentrations in tissues of fish and its parasite. The parasite Cd, Cu, and Pb concentration was higher than the other tissues. Furthermore, significant differences were detected in the heavy metal accumulations between the parasitized and unparasitized fish tissues in Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb concentrations. The Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations were found in fish muscle at mean concentrations over the permissible limits proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization.

Accumulation of some heavy metals seasonally in Hysterotylacium aduncum (Nematoda) and its host Red Sea Bream, Pagellus erythrinus (Sparidae) from Gulf of Iskenderun (North-eastern Mediterranean).

The Red Sea Bream's nematode and Sparus aurata, sampled from the Iskenderun Bay, North-eastern Mediterranean in March 2008 were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) for their some heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mg, Pb and Zn) levels. The metal concentrations of the parasites were compared to different organs (liver, muscle, swimbladder, intestine and skin) of the fish hosts. The highest Cd (0.303 mg/kgg ww) concentrations were found in the muscle, highest Cr (4.932 mg/kg ww), Hg (2.350 mg/kg ww) Pb (22.82 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the parasite, highest Cu (7.608 mg/kg ww) and Fe (176.7 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the liver, highest Mn (31.24 mg/kg ww) Zn (78.51 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the swimbladder for parasitized fish. The highest Cd (0.612 mg/kg ww), Cu (8.261 mg/kg ww) Fe (261.1 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the liver, highest Cr (6.123 mg/kg ww) and Pb (9.125 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the intestine, highest Hg (2.013 mg/kg ww) Zn (83.30 mg/kg ww) and Mn (41.24 mg/kg ww) concentrations were found in the swimbladder for un-parasitized fish.

Levels of heavy metals in some commercial fish species captured from the Black Sea and Mediterranean coast of Turkey.

The distribution of some heavy metals in the muscle tissue of Merlangius merlangus (whiting), Mullus barbatus (red mullet), Engraulis encrasicholus (anchovy) from Black and Mediterranean Seas were studied. The highest Al (95.313 microg/g dw), Mn (1.390 microg/g dw), Zn (25.416 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in E. encrasicholus from Black Sea; the highest Li (3.200 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in E. encrasicholus from Mediterranean Sea; the highest Cd (1.685 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in M. merlangus from Mediterranean Sea; the highest Ni (1.363 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in M. merlangus from Black Sea; the highest Pb (0.727 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in M. barbatus from Black Sea and the highest Cr (1.893 microg/g dw), Fe (21.901 microg/g dw) concentration was detected in M. barbatus from Mediterranean Sea.

Element concentrations in the swimbladder parasite Anguillicola crassus (nematoda) and its host the European eel, Anguilla anguilla from Asi River (Hatay-Turkey).

The European eel's swimbladder nematode, Anguillicola crassus, sampled from the Asi River (Orontes River) in Antakya (Hatay, Turkey) in May 2006 were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) for their some heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) levels. The metal concentrations of the parasites were compared to different organs (swimbladder, liver, muscle and skin) of the fish hosts. The parasite contained statistically highly significantly amounts of Fe (P < 0.05). The iron level of nematode was up to 25.52 times than the muscle of its host, Anguilla anguilla. However, bioconcentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Pb, Zn were detected in the A. crassus and it contained no statistically differences with the other tissues of its host, the eel (P > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences were detected in the heavy metal accumulations between the parasitized and un-parasitized fish tissues. The analysed metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) were found in fish muscle at mean concentrations under the permissible limits proposed by FAO.

Trace metals in the shells of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the Poland coast of Baltic sea.

In this study, bioaccumulation of the heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, V, Li, Al) in the shells of Mytilus edulis were investigated. Shells of Mytilus edulis were collected in May to September 2005 from 12 stations on the Polish coast of Baltic Sea. At each sampling sites 17-330 different size of shells were collected during 2005, respectively. Due to heavy industrial activities in the region, the bay has the polluted coastal waters of Poland. Shells were analysed by ICP AES and Coleman MAS 50 CV atomic absorption spectrometer. As expected from the similarity found between the relationships of metal content length and dry the concentrations of the different metals in the shells did not seem to depend on the shell length. No significant differences were detected in metal concentration between different shell lengths. Given their geographical distributions, as well as their abilities to show up spatial and temporal changes in metal bioavailabilities confirmed here, it is concluded that the mussel M. edulis a suitable candidate to be used in biomonitoring surveys of the Poland coast of Baltic.

Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in different tissues of Dicentrarchus labrax L, 1758, Sparus aurata L, 1758 and Mugil cephalus L, 1758 from the Camlik lagoon of the eastern coast of Mediterranean (Turkey).

In this study, bioaccumulation of the heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cd) in the liver, gill, gonad and muscle tissues of Dicentrarchus labrax, Mugil cephalus and Sparus aurata were investigated seasonally. Camlik is the important fisheries lagoon located in The Iskenderun Bay, Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Due to heavy industrial and agricultural activities in the region, the bay has the polluted coastal waters of Turkey. Therefore, the levels of cadmium, zinc, iron were determined in the muscle in each species because of its importance for human consumption and also the liver, gill, gonad were analysed since these organs tend to accumulate metals. Heavy metal levels were found generally higher in the liver and gill than the gonad and muscle tissues in three species; the levels of all metals in a given tissue were generally higher in Mugil cephalus than the other two species. Data collected in this study suggest that Camlik lagoon is affected by a relatively metal pollution. The concentrations of Zn concentrations in the muscle tissues exceeded the acceptable levels for a food source for human consumption and other metals in the edible parts of the investigated fish were in the permissible safety levels for human uses.