ABSTRACT
Background: There seems to be a lack of consensus on the concept and domains of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) measured among children and adolescents with developmental disabilities (DD), despite a significant number of existing measures of ADL and associated constructs, and two prevailing theoretical frameworks (i.e., the cognitive-social-practical framework, and the activity-and-participation framework). Aims: This systematic review (SR) aims to identify articles that systematically reviewed measures of ADL for children and adolescents aged 7-18 years with DD to evaluate the quality of included articles, and describe the measures and domains identified. Methods: and Procedures: Searches were conducted in PubMed®, Academic Search Complete® (EBSCOhost), Education Source Search® (EBSCOhost), ERIC® (EBSCOhost), and PsychInfo® (EBSCOhost). 14,931 articles were identified, and two researchers completed title screening, abstract screening, and full-text screening, with disagreements resolved. Out of these 14,931 articles, fourteen were included, which resulted in a total of 163 ADL measures. Out of the 163 ADL measures, forty-eight met the criteria and were included for analysis. PRISMA and COSMIN checklists were used to appraise the methodological quality of the included articles. Outcomes and results: Results indicated that most of the 14 systematic review articles did not provide information on instrument development and content validity of their included measures. Analysis of the identified 48 measures of ADL and its associated constructs revealed heterogeneity in domains covered, although there were seven domains that were most often included. Conclusions and implications: Implications in terms of practice, research, and policy are further discussed.
ABSTRACT
Given the importance of competencies in functional behavior assessment (FBA) and behavioral interventions among teachers for managing problem behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities, a previously reported ability in behavior assessment and interventions for teachers (ABAIT) needed improvements in the multiple-choices by adding a 'don't know' option. This study reports on the psychometric properties of this revised scale (ABAIT-R) among 102 special educators assessed using Rasch models. It was found that the model had good fit and a wide spread of difficulties (3.63 to - 2.60). ABAIT-R had good targeting (over 85%) and high reliability (0.79). The assumptions of the model were met recommending sufficiency for the use of summated score from ABAIT-R among teachers.
Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology , Behavior Rating Scale/standards , Education, Special/standards , School Teachers/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics/standards , Reproducibility of Results , School Teachers/standards , Teacher Training/methods , Teacher Training/standardsABSTRACT
Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) and behavior interventions have been effective in the management of challenging behavior among children with developmental disabilities including autism spectrum disorders. Research suggests the need for valid measurement instruments for verifying, calibrating and scoring competence in FBA and behavior interventions. The validation for the Ability in Behaviour Assessment and Interventions for Teachers (ABAIT) adopted the Delphi method for developing consensus followed by the application of Rasch Measurement Model (RMM). RMM among 292 special educators reported appropriate infit (0.84-1.11), outfit (0.94-1.05), and item separation reliability (0.99), though some items reported low point-biserial correlation. The ABAIT was developed with expert consensus and was found to have a suitable fit with RMM.
Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Child Behavior , Delphi Technique , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Communication intervention in early life can significantly impact long-term outcomes for young children with autism. Parents can be vital resources in the midst of the current manpower shortage. Map4speech is a new mobile application developed for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. It is specially designed to provide high-quality, interactive learning, coupled with frequent feedback and live coaching to train parents in a naturalistic language intervention. A multiple-baseline single-case experimental design was conducted across three parent-child dyads. Results indicate that procedural integrity of parents' intervention techniques was above 85% during post-training intervention, and their respective children showed increases in spontaneous word/gesture use. The results show that mobile applications with feedback can be a promising means for improving efficiency and effectiveness in disseminating evidence-based practices for autism intervention.
Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy , Behavior Therapy/methods , Communication , Mobile Applications , Parents , Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology , Child Behavior , Child, Preschool , Formative Feedback , Humans , LanguageABSTRACT
We evaluated the usefulness of 2 assessments to guide treatment selection for individuals whose prior functional analysis indicated that automatic reinforcement maintained their problem behavior. In the 1st assessment, we compared levels of problem behavior during a noncontingent play condition and an alone or ignore condition. In the 2nd, we assessed participants' relative preferences for automatic reinforcement and social reinforcers in a concurrent-operants arrangement. We used the results of these 2 assessments to assign 5 participants to a treatment based on noncontingent access to social reinforcers or to a treatment based on differential access to social reinforcers. We conducted monthly probes with the participants over 10 to 12 months to evaluate the effects of the treatment procedures. All participants showed reductions in problem behavior over this period.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy/methods , Intellectual Disability/psychology , Intellectual Disability/rehabilitation , Problem Behavior/psychology , Reinforcement Schedule , Adolescent , Child , Extinction, Psychological , Food Preferences , Humans , Male , Reinforcement, Social , Time Factors , Token EconomyABSTRACT
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the generalization of mands during functional communication training (FCT) and sign language training across functional contexts (i.e., positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement). A secondary purpose was to evaluate a training procedure based on stimulus control to teach manual signs. During the treatment evaluation, we implemented sign language training in 1 functional context (e.g., positive reinforcement by attention) while continuing the functional analysis conditions in 2 other contexts (e.g., positive reinforcement by tangible item; negative reinforcement by escape). During the generalization evaluation, we tested for the generalization of trained mands across functional contexts (i.e., positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement) by implementing extinction in the 2 nontarget contexts. The results suggested that the stimulus control training procedure effectively taught manual signs and treated destructive behavior. Specific patterns of generalization of trained mands and destructive behavior also were observed.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy , Developmental Disabilities/therapy , Generalization, Psychological , Reinforcement, Psychology , Sign Language , Child, Preschool , Communication , Extinction, Psychological , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Recent research has suggested that variables related to specific mand topographies targeted during functional communication training (FCT) can affect treatment outcomes. These include effort, novelty of mands, previous relationships with problem behavior, and preference. However, there is little extant research on procedures for identifying which mand topographies to incorporate into FCT. In the current study, a mand topography assessment was conducted following functional analyses to identify the proficiency with which individuals used several different mand topographies. Two mand topographies (high and low proficiency) were then compared during FCT-based treatments. FCT was more effective when the mand topography identified as high proficiency was incorporated into FCT as compared to FCT that included the lower proficiency response. The results are discussed in terms of the need for individualized assessment procedures for selecting mand topographies that are targeted during FCT.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy/methods , Developmental Disabilities/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Communication , Developmental Disabilities/psychology , Humans , Male , Reinforcement, Psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
This bridge study evaluated the effects of contingency-specifying instructions (CSIs) and incomplete instructions (IIs) in terms of establishing instructional control of appropriate behavior. Results suggested that instructional control and maintenance were achieved with CSIs but not with IIs. Results are discussed in terms of the potential use of instructional control in the maintenance of appropriate behavior for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
