Acid and alkaline solutions of local anesthetics: duration of nerve block and tissue pH.

The effect of solution pH on the duration of rat infraorbital nerve blocks produced by 1% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine at pH 5.0 and 7.4, with and without epinephrine was investigated in a double-blind study. The time course of tissue pH changes subsequent to infections into the infraorbital area or abdominal musculature of rats was measured with a tissue pH microelectrode. Injectable pH had little or no effect upon the duration of block. Tissue pH was minimally changed by the injection of solutions at pH 7.4, but decreased appreciably with injections of solutions at pH 5.0, or if the injectate contained epinephrine.

[Acute pulmonary edema secondary to a posterior fossa tumor: report of a case]. / Edema agudo de pulmão secundário a tumor de fossa posterior: registro de um caso.

A case of a 44-year-old woman presenting pulmonary edema secondary to posterior fossa meningioma is reported. The authors have tried to demonstrate the relationship between a lesion occupying space in the posterior fossa and important pulmonary abnormality such as interstitial edema based on increasing A-aDO2 (oxygen alveolar arterial gradient) in this peculiar case. A-aDO2 is easily measured and represents a good guide for evaluating the efficiency of medical and neurosurgical management when it is done in the serial way, particularly in those cases of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Edema agudo de pulmao secundario a tumor de fossa posterior: registro de um caso. / Acute pulmonary edema secondary to posterior fossa tumor: report of a case

E relatada a observacao de uma paciente de 44 anos de idade com quadro clinico de edema de pulmao secundario a meningioma situado na fossa posterior. Sao feitos comentarios sobre a importancia da gasometria arterial realizada no periodo pre e pos-operatorio e especialmente sobre o gradiente alveolo-arterial de oxigenio que serve de guia na avaliacao clinica do paciente neurocirurgico, particularmente nos casos de edema pulmonar nao cardiogenico

Cisticercose do terceiro ventriculo. / Cysticercosis of the third ventricle

Os autores apresentam um caso de cisticercose do terceiro ventriculo, que determinou coma subito. Foi realizado tratamento cirurgico (seccao da porcao anterior do fornix) e obtida cura completa de hipertensao intracraniana. Sao feitos comentarios sobre a investigacao neurologica utilizada, a possibilidade de abordagem cirurgica da porcao media do terceiro ventriculo, assim como os avancos mais recentes sobre o estudo liquorico e possivel tratamento quimico desta enfermidade

[Sphincter disorders secondary to an intramedullary epidermoid tumor. Report of a case]. / Distúrbios esfincterianos secundários a tumor epidermóide intramedullar. Registro de um caso.

A case of intraspinal epidermoid tumor of the lower thoracic and lumbar area resulting in bladder and bowel disturbances in a 10-year-old boy is reported. A brief review of literature is done and clinical and radiological aspects of this condition are discussed.