ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few telesurgery studies assess the impact of latency on user experience, low latencies are often not studied despite evidence of negative effects, and some studies recruit inexperienced subjects instead of surgeons without evidence that latency affects both groups similarly. METHODS: Fifteen trainees and fourteen laparoscopic surgeons conducted two tasks on a laparoscopy home-trainer at six latencies below 200 milliseconds (ms). Completion time and usability (perceived awareness of latency, inefficiency, disturbance, adaptability, and impact on patient safety) were measured. RESULTS: Weak correlation between completion time and usability was found. There was significant deterioration in performance and user experience at 105 ms added latency. Surgeons were more negatively affected. CONCLUSION: Objective measures insufficiently describe the impact of latency therefore standard measures of user experience should be incorporated in studies. Even low latencies may be detrimental to laparoscopic surgery. Results from non-experts cannot predict the impact of latency on experienced surgeons. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subject(s)
Artifacts , Clinical Competence , Laparoscopes , Robotic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Task Performance and Analysis , Time Factors , Video Recording/instrumentation , Female , Humans , Laparoscopy/methods , Male , Operative Time , Reproducibility of Results , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Video Recording/methodsABSTRACT
The increasing elderly population and the shift from acute to chronic illness makes it difficult to care for people in hospitals and rest homes. Moreover, elderly people, if given a choice, want to stay at home as long as possible. In this article, the methodologies to develop a cloud-based semantic system, offering valuable information and knowledge-based services, are presented. The information and services are related to the different personal living hemispheres of the patient, namely the daily care-related needs, the social needs and the daily life assistance. Ontologies are used to facilitate the integration, analysis, aggregation and efficient use of all the available data in the cloud. By using an interdisciplinary research approach, where user researchers, (ontology) engineers, researchers and domain stakeholders are at the forefront, a platform can be developed of great added value for the patients that want to grow old in their own home and for their caregivers.
