[Study of plant extract activity in the system of Escherichia coli unstable mutants]. / Vyvchennia aktyvnosti roslynnykh ekstraktiv u systemi nestabil'nykh mutantiv Escherichia coli.

Ability of cell biomass extracts of some medicinal plants to inhibit spontaneous segregation of new forms in E. coli MS2-induced unstable mutants system has been shown. The effect described is analyzed from the position of stabilizing activity of extracts concerning bacterial envelope membranes. The possible use of this bacterial system to study stabilizing effect as a separate stage of the known antimutagen protective action is discussed.

[Antimutagenesis as organism defense system against damaging factors of endogenous and exogenous origin]. / Antymutahenez iak systema zakhystu orhanizmu vid ushkodzhuiuchykh faktoriv endohennoho i ekzohennoho pokhodzhennia.

Antimutagenic system is represented as the system combining all enzymatic and metabolic processes of the organism at all levels. The problem of supporting of autoantimutagenic system with antimutagenic preparations is discussed. A number of possible mechanisms of antimutagenic action of different substances are considered.

[Screening substances derived from cultures of medicinal plants for antimutagenic activity in the Escherichia coli-bacteriophage lambda system]. / Skrininh preparativ otrymanykh iz kul'tury tkanyn likars'kykh roslyn, na antymutahennu aktyvnist' u systemi Escherichia coli-bakteriofah lambda.

In Escherichia coli--bacteriophage lambda system protective properties of the extracts derived from the biomass of cultured Panax ginseng, Polyscias filicifolia, Rhodiola rosea, Ungernia victoris cells, and those from intact Rhodiola roots have been studied. Escherichia coli--bacteriophage lambda system responsiveness was found to vary with the test-object state, namely: the deleted bacteriophage form (lambda-4) as well as previously mutagenized bacteriophage were more sensitive to the mutagenic and antimutagenic influence versus the native bacteriophage lambda +. The contribution of extracts in the induction and realization of the lethal injuries in phages caused by nitrite acid in extracellular phage (conditions in vitro) was estimated thus enabling to discriminate between the protective and antimutagenic extract activities. Protective extract effect in the given test-system appeared to be higher their antimutagenic action. With the most responsive bacteriophage variant the extracts from the biomass of cultured Rh. rosea and P. filicifolia cells showed high protective and somewhat lower antimutagenic activities. With other phages significant antimutagenic potential of extracts was demonstrated, which by their protective effect could be arranged in a raw as follows U. victoris > P. ginseng > P. filicifolia. The primary screening for the antimutagenic effect of preparations in the prokaryotic systems could be reduced to the investigation of their effects on the object inactivation exposed to the mutagen in vitro.

[The antimutagenic activity of biomass extracts from the cultured cells of medicinal plants in the Ames test]. / Doslizhzhennia antymutahennoï aktyvnosti ekstraktiv iz biomasy kul'tyvovanykh klityn deiakykh likars'kykh roslyn u testi Eimsa.

Antimutagenic activity of 20 and 40% ethanol extracts from the biomass of Rhodiola rosea, Polyscias filicifolia, Panax ginseng and Ungernia victoris cultured cells have been studied. DDDTDP, ethidium bromide, benz(a)pyrene, benzidine served as model mutagens for Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 strain (the latter two were tested in presence of metabolic activation system); for S. typhimurium TA 100 strain these were tio-tefa, bichromate potassium and sodium azide and heavy metal compounds (chlorides of manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead acetate) for both strains. Higher capacity of the extracts from the biomass of R. rosea and P. filicifolia to counteract gene mutations induced by various mutagens was demonstrated (ca. 90% inhibition in isolated cases). In the experiment with the metabolic activation most effective proved to be the extracts from the P. ginseng biomass (up to 34% and 47% mutagenicity inhibition).