ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of professional teeth cleaning and the substances used in modern dentistry for whitening on the microelement composition of tooth enamel. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: To study the morphology and microelement composition of the enamel, scanning electron microscopy was performed using the MiraLM microscope equipped with a Schottky field emission electron gun from Tescan. RESULTS: Results: A comparative analysis between the areas subjected to mechanical cleaning and those where it was not applied revealed a significant difference in the research results, particularly in carbon, which changed from 25.16±1.04 to 32.02±1.8. An analysis of the enamel's chemical composition before and after whitening revealed a decrease in carbon from 45.91±1.20 to 42.46±1.74. The change in phosphorus content was determined to be from 9.77±0.39 to 9.56±0.75. A decrease in calcium from 15.96±0.64 to 15.21±1.22 and magnesium from 0.07±0.01 to 0.01±0.01 was also observed. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Professional dental hygiene does not have a direct impact on the microelement composition of enamel, such as the levels of calcium, phosphorus, fluoride, and other microelements. However, it can have an indirect and temporary influence due to the use of abrasive materials that affect dental deposits, pellicle, and the surface layer of enamel. Teeth whitening can affect the microelement composition of enamel, but these changes are mostly temporary and associated with processes of demineralization/ remineralization and oxygenation.
Subject(s)
Tooth Bleaching Agents , Tooth Bleaching , Humans , Tooth Bleaching/methods , Carbamide Peroxide , Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology , Tooth Bleaching Agents/therapeutic use , Tooth Bleaching Agents/pharmacology , Calcium , Oral Hygiene , Phosphorus , Carbon , Dental Enamel/chemistry , Urea/pharmacologyABSTRACT
This meta-analysis intended to assess evidence on the efficacy of locally delivered curcumin/turmeric as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP), on clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD), compared to SRP alone or in combination with chlorhexidine (CHX). RCTs were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, BASE, LIVIVO, Dentistry Oral Sciences Source, MEDLINE Complete, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and eLibrary, until August 2022. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed by pooling mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Out of 827 references yielded by the search, 23 trials meeting the eligibility criteria were included. The meta-analysis revealed that SRP and curcumin/turmeric application were statistically significantly different compared to SRP alone for CAL (-0.33 mm; p = 0.03; 95% CI -0.54 to -0.11; I2 = 62.3%), and for PPD (-0.47 mm; p = 0.024; 95% CI -0.88 to -0.06; I2 = 95.5%); however, this difference was considered clinically meaningless. No significant differences were obtained between patients treated with SRP and CHX, compared to SRP and curcumin/turmeric. The RoB assessment revealed numerous inaccuracies, thus raising concerns about previous overestimates of potential treatment effects.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study changes in the chemical composition of the tooth enamel surface when using hydrogen peroxide as a chemical component of the whitening system in combination with professional oral hygiene. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, during the study, we studied the enamel of the teeth of the frontal area, which was removed for orthodontic and orthopedic indications. The age of the patients whose teeth were examined ranged from 18 to 44 years. In the experiment, we studied the chemical structure of enamel by a method thatcovered the selection of the study area, with the designation of areas for microanalysis, and subsequent elemental analysis in selected areas of the enamel. RESULTS: Results and conclusions: Analyzing the results of this study, we can make assumptions about the impact of professional dental hygiene on the procedure of photo-whitening teeth based on 35% hydrogen peroxide gel and its subsequent impact on theother clinical indicators, which will depend on the characteristics of functional and structural resistance of the enamel.
