Associated Factors Influencing Quality of Life and Knowledge Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The assessment of the quality of life (QoL) among type 2 diabetic patients is associated with different factors. Evidence shows that these patients usually suffer from a lack of knowledge about the disease, inadequate self-care, and low QoL. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess knowledge of the QoL of type 2 diabetes patients and its possible associated factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study recruited type 2 diabetic patients conveniently from out-clinics to achieve the objective of the study. The Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory (DQOL) and the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 18 (DKQ-18) along with a demographic questionnaire were used for patient assessment. RESULTS: A total of 184 patients participated in the study. Patients' knowledge of diabetes was found to be low (8.57 out of 18), with no statistical differences between male and female participants (p=0.259). The average DQOL score was 2.87 out of 5, indicating moderate satisfaction and self-care behavior. DKQ-18 and DOQL were found to be correlated (r= 0.216, p=0.003). However, the patient's age was found to be a significant factor that influences patients' QoL (F=4.27, p=0.040), whereas patients' knowledge contributed weakly to the variation of QoL (F=1.70, p=0.084). CONCLUSION: Irrespective of knowledge and educational background, the patient's age is influential in enhancing better QoL among type 2 diabetic patients.

The lived experience of mothers of children with haemophilia in Jordan: A phenomenological study.

BACKGROUND: Haemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder. Mothers of children with haemophilia experience stress, anxiety and different types of burdens that affect their life negatively. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the lived experience of mothers of children with haemophilia. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological design was utilized. The participants were selected purposively from the Jordanian Association for Thalassemia and Hemophilia. Data saturation was achieved by interviewing 20 mothers. RESULTS: Five themes emerged: (1) the challenges related to the diagnosis, the availability and administration of the clotting factors, and the occurrence of the bleeding emergency; (2) physical, social, psychological and financial burden; (3) fear of child death and disability; (4) stigmatization; and (5) lack of educational and medical support. CONCLUSION: Mothers of children with haemophilia suffer from physical, psychological and social consequences. Healthcare providers should carry out educational sessions regarding the importance of support for the family and throughout the life of the child.

Pain in Preterm Infants: Different Perspectives.

In the last decades, there has been a tremendous change in approaching and managing neonates' pain. These changes began with rebutting the previous misconception about neonates' , particularly preterm infants' , pain. The development in neuroimaging has revealed that by 24 weeks of gestation the peripheral nervous system is mature and function fully. Researchers now know that neonates experience pain and premature infants have even lower pain thresholds. Since that time, a mounting amount of literature has addressed the issue of neonatal pain. Many pharmacological and non pharmacological pain reduction strategies have been investigated for their safety and analgesic effectiveness. Many interventions such as nonnutritive sucking (NNS), skin-to-skin contact (SSC), and facilitated tucking are effective in controlling neonates pain.

Video game distraction and anesthesia mask practice reduces children's preoperative anxiety: A randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE: The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combined video game distraction and anesthesia mask exposure and shaping intervention as compared to conventional preoperative preparation on the preoperative anxiety, anesthesia induction compliance and emergence delirium of children undergoing day-case surgery. DESIGN AND METHODS: The CONSORT guidelines were followed in the current study; a randomized clinical trial, two groups, pre posttest, between subjects design with 1:1 allocation ratio was employed. Children (5-11 years of age; N = 128) admitted for day case surgery were invited to participate in the study. Sixty-four children were assigned to the intervention group receiving combined videogame distraction and anesthesia mask exposure and shaping intervention, and 64 children were assigned to the control group. RESULTS: The results showed that children in the intervention group reported statistically significant lower anxiety scores than the children in the control group at three preoperative points of time: postintervention t = 4.48, p < .001, at the time of transfer to the operation room t = 10.18; p < .001 and during anesthesia induction t = 7.76; p < .001. In addition, compared with the children in the control group, fewer children in the intervention group demonstrated poor anesthesia induction compliance χ2 = 3.91; p = .04. The results, however, did not reveal statistically significant differences in children's emergence delirium scores. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: Combined video game distraction and anesthesia mask exposure and shaping are simple, safe, and time-effective intervention that the nurses can implement at the day of surgery to mitigate children anxiety and to enhance their anesthesia induction compliance.