[Determination of age-related liver stiffness changes in rats according to the ultrasonic shear wave elastography].

We examined by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) changes of liver stiffness (LS) in three groups rats of different ages. LS measurement by SWE was performed on "Ultima PA" equipment ("Radmir", Kharkov, Ukraine) with a 10-5 MHz linear transducer. To assess the functional state of the liver at the same time we studied age-related biochemical and morphological differences in the liver. A valid LS determination (success rate of at least 60%) was observed in 96.6% animals of different age groups. We observed statistically significant increasing of LS between 3-month and 20-month rats (p = 0.010), but its value in each group do not exceed normal or reference range. In article discussed possible connection between age-related changes of LS and state of connective tissue elements, functional activity, hydration, etc. It is concluded that shear wave elastography may be a new objective biophysical method for obtaining information about the state of the liver stiffness of the liver tissue.

[Liver stiffness in animals with glutamate-induced obesity (according to shear wave ultrasound elastography)].

We studied changes of liver stiffness measured by SWE in animals with glutamate-induced obesity (GIO). We noted significant increase of LS on 63.6% compared to intact rats (P < 0.001). Histologically confirmed non-alcoholic steatosis diagnosed in 93.3% of animals with obesity. The AUROC of SWE for in animals with GIO was 0.983 (95% CI 0.955-0.999; P < 0.001). The optimal LS cutoff point for the prediction of steatosis were > 6.25 kPa, with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV 86.6; 100; 100 and 93.7% respectively.

[Rheohepatography with ultrasound navigation of electrodes as biophysical method of the hepatic blood flow evaluation].

The transcutaneus Rheohepatography with ultrasound electrodes navigation (RUEN) discovered early specifically changes of hepatic blood flow in pts with diffuse hepatic pathology (DHP). It is necessary to use of the Conventional Rheohepatography for screening hepatics hemodynamics disorders in pts with DHP. For more differentiated approach it is necessary to use Doppler imaging of the hepatic blood flow. It is necessary to use the ultrasound electrodes navigation for increase of the self-descriptiveness Rheohepatography and for inclusion ofa maximum quantity hepatic parenchyma between interelectrodes space. As against the classical analysis extremities rheography in interpretation RUEN it is necessary to take into account, that the liver has 2 ways of inflow (proper hepatic artery and portal vein) and 1 way of outflow (hepatic veins running to cava inferior vein).

[Evaluation of hemodynamic changes in inflammatory hyperplastic processes in the thyroid gland with the aid of ultrasound color mapping]. / Otsinka gemodynamichnykh zmin pry vognyshchevykh giperplastychnykh protsesakh u shchytopodibnii zalozi z dopomogoiu ul'trazvukovogo kol'orovogo kartuvannia.

Ultrasound dopplerography techniques constitute an investigation of highly informative value, designed to study vascularization of pathological states of the thyroid gland. It permits the most effective and comprehensive evaluation of the organ circulation along the periphery of the capsule, in the parenchyma, in all pathological formations. This warrants the use of the method in diagnosing, in identification of the process dissemination beyond the organ into the surrounding tissues or regional lymph nodes. Colour Doppler-mapping of the thyroid gland is a highly sensitive method of investigation of neovascularization of the organ which comes to be changed in cancer depending on the stage of the process.

[The use of dietary fiber as natural enterosorbents in diseases of the hepatobiliary system]. / Zastosuvannia kharchovykh volokon iak pryrodnykh enterosorbentiv pry zakhvoriuvanniakh hepatobiliarnoï systemy.

Intensity was studied of sorption of cholesterol, bile acids, and phospholipids by cereals food fibre in samples of vesicular and hepatic bile. Intensive absorption has been shown of these fractions by food fibres. Clinical observation over 92 patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis confirmed the beneficial effect of cereals food fibre.

[The role of bile acids in the regulation of human gallbladder filling]. / Rol zhovchnykh kyslot u reguliatsii napovnennia zhovchnogo mikhura liudyny.

An artificial increase of a pool of bile acids due to administration of dehydrocholic, chenodesoxycholic acid preparations and dry bile in 22 healthy people and 179 patients with chronic cholecystitis has been studied for its effect on regulation of the gallbladder filling on an empty stomach using daily echocholecystometry. Filling of the gallbladder under artificial sequestration of bile acids during duodenal probing, enterosorption and cholatogenic diarrhea was studied in 55 patients with cholecystitis. It has been proved that an increase of the pool of bile acids induces intensification of the gallbladder filling on an empty stomach, while a decrease of the pool, vice versa, causes attenuation of its filling. It is found out a size of a pool of bile acids in the human organism is an important humoral factor in the physiological mechanism of the gallbladder filling regulation.

[The effect of chenotherapy on the reservoir function of the gallbladder in cholelithiasis patients]. / Vplyv khenoterapiï na rezervuarnu funktsiiu zhovchnoho mikhura u khvorykh na kholelitiaz.

The effect of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on the reservoir function of the gallbladder was studied in 46 patients with cholesterol cholelithiasis. There was a dependence between a clear increase of filling of the gallbladder in patients treated by this method with subsequent sharp reduction of its size and development of dyspepsia and diarrhea. In 14 patients increase of the gallbladder against the background of chemotherapy was not authentic but no dyspeptic phenomena occurred. Thus, decompensation of the reservoir function of the gallbladder in patients with cholelithiasis against the background of chemotherapy are manifested by a significant increase of the gallbladder size with subsequent emptying of bile into the duodenum and development of collagenous diarrhea.